plant form and function (1)

Question 1

What are the first wild crops to be cultivated?

Answer 1

Wheat was among the first wild crops to be cultivated.

Question 2

What is the function of the following:

1. Cuticle covering leaves
2. Stomata
3. Lignin
4. Stem

Answer 2

1. Reduces water loss
2. Allow gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere.
3. Hardens cell walls
4. Supports plants and may perform photosynthesis.

Question 3

What are the 2 major groups of angiosperms?

Answer 3

The two major groups of angiosperms are the monocots and the eudicots

Question 4

Differentiate between monocots and eudicots.

Answer 4

Monocots

1. One cotyledon
2. Leaf veins are parallel
3. Vascular tissues are in a complex arrangement.
4. Floral parts are in multiples of 3.
5. Fibrous root system.

Eudicots

1. Two cotyledons
2. Leaf veins are branched.
3. Vascular tissues are arranged in rings.
4. Floral parts are in multiples of 4 or 5
5. Taproot is present

Question 5

The typical plant body contains three basic organs, Name them.

Answer 5

A typical plant body contains three basic organs: roots, stems, and leaves

Question 6

What are the functions of roots?

Answer 6

1. Anchors a plant in the soil
2. Absorbs and transports minerals and water
3. Stores carbohydrates

Question 7

Together, all the roots of a plant form the ______________

Answer 7

Together, all the roots of a plant form the root system.

Question 8

What is the function of root hairs in plants?

Answer 8

Increases the root’s surface area, allowing for the efficient absorption of water and minerals.

Question 9

What are the functions of the stem in plants?

Answer 9

1. Support and separate the leaves, promoting photosynthesis this way, and flowers, responsible for reproduction).

Question 10

What are the points at which the leaves are attached to the stem?

Answer 10

NOdes

Question 11

What are portions of the stem between nodes?

Answer 11

Internodes

Question 12

Most leaves consist of a flattened blade and a stalk, or ______, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.

Answer 12

Most leaves consist of a flattened blade and a stalk, or petiole, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.

Question 13

The ______ of a plant are undeveloped shoots.

Answer 13

The buds of a plant are undeveloped shoots.

Question 14

Explain the position and role of axillary and terminal buds during plant development.

Answer 14

The terminal bud at the tip of the stem has developing leaves and a compact series of nodes and internodes.

The axillary buds, one in each of the crooks formed by a leaf and the stem, are usually dormant

Question 15

What is apical dominance?

Answer 15

In many plants, the terminal bud produces hormones that inhibit the growth of the axillary buds, a phenomenon called apical dominance

Question 16

Why is apical dominance considered an evolutionary adaptation?

Answer 16

By concentrating resources on growing taller, apical dominance is an evolutionary adaptation as it increases the plant’s exposure to light

Question 17

What is the site of photosynthesis?

Answer 17

Shoot system.

Question 18

In addition to their primary functions, plant organs may be modified to do what kind of functions?

Answer 18

In addition to their primary functions, plant organs may be modified and:

-store food,
-promote asexual reproduction, and
-provide protection

Question 19

What are the different types of modified stems?

Answer 19

Stolons and Rhizomes.

Question 20

What are the functions of stolons and rhizomes?

Answer 20

Stolons are horizontal stems that grow along the ground. Enable plants to reproduce asexually (plantlets can form nodes along them)

Rhizomes are horizontal stems that grow just below the soil surface.Store food and can also form new plants