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IB Chemistry > Polarity > Flashcards

Flashcards in Polarity Deck (14)
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1
Q

when do polar bonds occur?

A

when difference in electronegativities of atoms so more electronegative atom exerts greater pulling power on shared electron pair

2
Q

What is a polar bond also?

A

unsymmetrical

3
Q

dipole

A

term indicates that this type of bond has two separated opposite electric charges

4
Q

pure covalent

A

equal sharing of electrons

5
Q

What does the polarity of a molecule depend on?

A

polar bonds it contains

way in which polar bonds are oriented (i.e. shape of molecule)

6
Q

When will charges from polarity cancel out?

A

if bonds are of equal polarity (involve same elements) and arranged symmetrically charges oppose and cancel out

7
Q

net dipole moment

A

if molecule contains bonds of different polarity or are asymmetrically arranged dipoles will not cancel out

8
Q

permanent dipole

A

permanent separation of charge within bonds as result of difference in electronegativity between bonded atoms in polar molecules

9
Q

dipole-dipole attraction

A

attraction between opposite charges on neighbouring molecules

10
Q

electron domain

A

number of lone pairs or bond locations around a particular atom in a molecule

11
Q

trend in melting/boiling points in polar compounds

A

higher than non-polar

dipole-diple generally stronger than london forces

12
Q

solubility of polar compounds

A

soluble in polar solvents

13
Q

van der Waals’ forces

A

all forces between molecules that do not involve electrostatic attractions between ions or bond formation

14
Q

Where do dipole-induced dipole attractions occur?

A

between different molecules