Polymers and Nanotechnology Flashcards

1
Q

What can ninitol be used for?

A
  1. Dental braces

2. Glasses frames

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2
Q

What is ninitol?

A

A shape memory alloy.

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3
Q

What is ninitol made of?

A

Half nickel and half titanium.

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4
Q

How big are nanoparticles?

A

1-100 nanometres across.

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5
Q

How many atoms do nanoparticles contain?

A

A few hundred atoms.

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6
Q

What are fullerenes shaped like?

A

Hollow balls or closed tubes.

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7
Q

How are carbon atoms arranged in fullerenes?

A

Hexagonal rings.

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8
Q

What are nanotubes?

A

Fullerenes joined together in hollow tubes.

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9
Q

Why are carbon nanotubes strong?

A

Lots of covalent bonds.

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10
Q

Why are nanoparticles useful as industrial catalysts?

A

Huge surface area to volume ratio.

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11
Q

Why are nanoparticles good sensors?

A

They only detect one type of molecule.

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12
Q

What kind of building materials do nanotubes make?

A
  1. Stronger

2. Lighter

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13
Q

Why are nanoparticles good for cosmetics?

A

They don’t leave white marks.

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14
Q

What is nanomedicine?

A

The idea that tiny fullerenes are absorbed more easily by the body than most particles.

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15
Q

Why would nanoparticles be good as medicines?

A

They deliver drugs right into the cells where they’re needed.

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16
Q

Where can fullerene lubricant coatings be used?

A

Artifical joints and gears.

17
Q

Why can nanotubes be used in tiny electric circuits?

A

They conduct electricity.

18
Q

What are thermosoftening polymers?

A

Polymers that can be melted and remoulded.

19
Q

Why can thermosoftening plastics be melted easily?

A

They don’t have crosslinks between chains.

20
Q

What are thermosetting polymers?

A

Strong polymers that don’t soften when heated.

21
Q

Why don’t thermosetting polymers melt?

A

They have crosslinks that hold the structure together.

22
Q

What are the two types of polythene?

A
  1. Low density

2. High density

23
Q

How is LD polythene made?

A
  1. 200C

2. High pressure

24
Q

What is LD polythene used for?

A

Bags and bottles.

25
Q

How is HD polythene made?

A
  1. Lower temperature

2. Lower pressure (catalyst)

26
Q

What is HD polythene used for?

A

Water tanks and drainpipes.