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QUIZ 7 > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

greater splanchnic nerve

A

T5-T9

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2
Q

lesser splanchnic nerve

A

T10-T11

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3
Q

least splanchnic nerve

A

T12

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4
Q

lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves originate in the _

A

abdomen

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5
Q

splanchnic nerves are _

A

preganglionic

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6
Q

splanchnic nerves terminate _

A

on prevertebral ganglia

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7
Q

parasympathetics involve the _

A

vagus nerves and pelvic splanchnics

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8
Q

congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung’s Disease)

A

congenital defect where parasympathetic postganglionic and enteric neurons in pelvis fail to migrate out to all or part of the gut

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9
Q

congenital megacolon symptoms

A

cramping and constipation due to loss of peristaltic movement and constriction of hindgut

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10
Q

pain follows _

A

sympathetic splanchnic nerves

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11
Q

reflex follows _

A

parasympathetic vagus and pelvic splanchnics

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12
Q

pancreatic disease pain

A

upper abdomen and back

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13
Q

liver & gallbladder disease pain

A

right upper quadrant and back, also shoulder via phrenic nerve

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14
Q

ureters descend along the _

A

psoas major muscle

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15
Q

ureters cross posterior to _

A

gonadal vessels and uterine artery

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16
Q

ureters cross anterior to _

A

external iliac vessels

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17
Q

ureter blood supply

A

renal, gonadal, common iliac, and vesical arteries

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18
Q

diaphragm origin

A

lower ribs & lumbar vertebrae

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19
Q

diaphragm insertion

A

central tendon

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20
Q

diaphragm action

A

inspiration

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21
Q

diaphragm motor innervation

A

C3-C5

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22
Q

diaphragm sensory innervation

A

phrenic nerve (C3-C5) and intercostal nerves (T5-T12)

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23
Q

diaphragm blood supply

A

superior phrenic, musculophrenic, pericardiophrenic, and inferior phrenic

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24
Q

diaphragm openings

A

IVC (T8), esophageal hiatus (T10), aortic hiatus (T12)

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25
Q

quadratus lumborum action

A

extend or laterally flex spine

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26
Q

psoas minor action

A

flex spine

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27
Q

iliopsoas

A

where iliacus and psoas major join together

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28
Q

iliopsoas action

A

flex thigh and/or flex spine

29
Q

What is in the lesser sac or omental bursa?

A

peritoneal fluid

30
Q

The lesser sac is bound by what organs?

A

stomach (anterior), transverse colon (inferior), pancreas (posterior), liver (superior), spleen (left)

31
Q

What organs bound both the lesser and greater sacs?

A

stomach, transverse colon, liver, spleen

32
Q

What ligaments make up the lesser omentum?

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal

33
Q

The lesser omentum is derived from which fetal mesentery?

A

ventral

34
Q

The lesser omentum is _ peritoneum?

A

visceral

35
Q

What organs are intraperitoneal?

A

stomach, duodenal cap, jejunum, ileum, cecum & appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, spleen, and liver

36
Q

What is the remains of the gubernaculum in the female?

A

ligament of the ovary and round ligament of the uterus

37
Q

What muscles combine to form the conjoint tendon?

A

internal abdominis oblique & transverse abdominis

38
Q

The cremaster muscle is derived from what abdominal muscle?

A

internal abdominis oblique

39
Q

The cremaster muscle is innervated by?

A

the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

40
Q

What is the Dartos muscle?

A

smooth muscle in Dartos fascia of scrotum

41
Q

What is the function of the Dartos muscle?

A

temperature regulation of the testes

42
Q

What is the innervation of the Dartos muscle?

A

sympathetic innervation via scrotal cutaneous nerves

43
Q

What are the three branches of the celiac artery?

A

left gastric, common hepatic, and splenic

44
Q

What arteries supply the pancreas?

A

celiac (anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal & splenic) and superior mesenteric (anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal)

45
Q

What arteries supply the stomach?

A

right & left gastrics and gastroepiploics and short gastric

46
Q

Describe anastomoses between superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries

A

marginal artery

47
Q

What is in the porta hepatis?

A

common bile duct, proper hepatic artery, portal vein, autonomic and sensory nerves, lymphatics

48
Q

The porta hepatis is in what mesentery?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

49
Q

The liver drains into what veins?

A

hepatic veins into inferior vena cava

50
Q

Name the right branches of the superior mesenteric artery in order

A

inferior pancreaticduodenal –> middle colic –> right colic –> ileocolic

51
Q

name the branches of the left superior mesenteric artery in order

A

jejunal –> ileal

52
Q

pelvic splanchnic innervation of gut

A

parasympathetic preganglionic from sacral plexus (S2-S4) enter hypogastric plexus and synpase on postganglionic neurons in the hindgut

53
Q

A ruptured penile urethra may extravasate blood/urine between what two fascial layers in the lower abdomen?

A

between the membranous layer of superficial fascia and deep fascia on muscles

54
Q

What arteries supply blood to the greater omentum?

A

gastroepiploic

55
Q

direct inguinal hernias are located _

A

medial to inferior epigastric artery

56
Q

indirect inguinal hernias are located _

A

lateral to inferior epigastric arteries

57
Q

What is the arcuate line on the anterior abdominal wall?

A

beginning of posterior layer of rectus sheath

58
Q

The tunica vaginalis of the testes is derived from what layer of the abdominal wall?

A

peritoneum

59
Q

The tunica albuginea of testes is derived from what layer of the abdominal wall?

A

none, it is the capsule of the testes

60
Q

What is the round ligament of the liver in the fetus?

A

umbilical vein

61
Q

What organs are drained by the portal venous system?

A

stomach, intestines to middle rectum, pancreas, spleen, & gallbladder

62
Q

Abdominal muscles are innervated by what spinal nerves?

A

ventral rami: T6-T12 + L1

63
Q

What dermatome is located at the level of the nipples?

A

T4

64
Q

What dermatome is located at the umbilicus?

A

T10

65
Q

What makes up the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles (conjoint tendon) and transversalis fascia

66
Q

What makes up the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

inguinal ligament

67
Q

A minor calyx of the kidney drains directly into what specific area of the kidney?

A

major calyx

68
Q

What organ receives direct preganglionic axons from the greater splanchnic nerve?

A

suprarenal gland

QUIZ 7 (12 decks)

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