Posterior Leg

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus attachments

Answer 1

Posterior sacrum, ilium and iliotibial tract

Question 2

What movements does Gluteus Maximus control

Answer 2

Hip - extension

Question 3

What nerve supplies Gluteus Maximus

Answer 3

Inferior gluteal nerve, L4 - S2

Question 4

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 4

Supine - Knee ben 90deg, leg off the side of table. Your hand hand Pts foot. Resist downwards movement.
Prone - Knee bent, lifted slightly off table. Place one hand on hamstrings and resist upwards movement while your other hand supports upper leg.

Caution - Don’t do in a case of low back pain.

Question 5

Gluteus Medius attachments

Answer 5

Iliac crest to ilium and greater trochanter

Question 6

What movements does Gluteus Medius control

Answer 6

Hip - Abduction, internal rotation

Question 7

What nerve supplies Gluteus Medius

Answer 7

Superior gluteal nerve, L4 - S1

Question 8

Gluteus Medius

Answer 8

Supine - Knee bent 90deg. Hand superior to ankle. Resist outward movement while other hand stabilises knee on opposite side.
Prone - same.
Side-lying - Pt leg straight at 0deg flexion, abducted 30deg. Place hand superior to ankle and resist upwards movement.

Question 9

Gluteus Minimus attachments

Answer 9

Posterior ilium and anterior surface of greater trochanter.

Question 10

What muscles does Gluteus Minimus control

Answer 10

Hip - Abduction, internal rotation

Question 11

What nerve supplies Gluteus Minimus

Answer 11

Superior gluteal nerve, L4 - S1

Question 12

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 12

Supine and prone, use same tests as glut min.
Side-lying - Leg straight in 15deg. Hand superior to ankle. Resist upwards movement.

Question 13

Piriformis attachments

Answer 13

Anterior sacrum and greater trochanter

Question 14

What movements does Piriformis control

Answer 14

Hip - external rotation

Question 15

What nerve supplies Piriformis

Answer 15

Superior gluteal nerve, L4 - S1

Question 16

Piriformis

Answer 16

Supine - Knee bent 90deg. One hand inside, superior ankle and other inside Pts knee, Resist inward movement of the ankle.
Prone - same.

Question 17

Biceps Femoris attachments

Answer 17

Ischial tuberosity and head of fibula

Question 18

What movements does Biceps Femoris control

Answer 18

Hip - extension
Knee - flexion, external rotation

Question 19

What nerve supplies Biceps Femoris

Answer 19

Sciatic nerve - tibial branch, L4 - S3

Question 20

Biceps Femoris

Answer 20

Supine - Knee bent, foot turned out. Place hand superior to clients heel. Resist knee flexion.
Prone - Same, may have to place hand on hamstring to prevent cramping.

Question 21

Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus attachments

Answer 21

Semitendinosus - Ischal tuberosity and pes anserinus
Semimembranosus - Ischial tuberosity and medial tibial condyle.

Question 22

What movements does Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus control

Answer 22

Hip - extension
Knee - flexion, internal rotation

Question 23

What nerve supplies Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus

Answer 23

Sciatic nerve - tibial branch, L4 - S3

Question 24

Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus

Answer 24

Same as bicep femoris.

Question 25

Popliteus attachments

Answer 25

Lateral condyle of femur and posterior proximal tibial shaft.

Question 26

What movements does Popliteus control

Answer 26

Knee - internal rotation, Flexion

Question 27

What nerve supplies Popliteus

Answer 27

Tibial branch, L4 - S3

Question 28

Popliteus

Answer 28

Supine - Leg straight, with hand under Pts knee to slightly flex it. Other hand superior to medial heel with foot slightly turned in. Resist knee flexion. Prone - Leg straight, heel turned in. Hand on Pts heel, resist first 10-15deg of flexion.

Question 29

Obturator internus attachments

Answer 29

Ischium and greater trochanter of femur below piriformis

Question 30

Obturator internus movements

Answer 30

Lateral rotation of hip

Question 31

Obturator internus nerve supply

Answer 31

Obturator nerve (L3, L4)

Question 32

Obturator internus

Answer 32

Prone - Knee bent and laterally rotated, foot angled toward mid calf. Hand on opposite side of Pts ankle, resist inward and downward movement.

Question 33

Obturator externus

Answer 33

Ischium, obturator foramen and greater trochanter of femur

Question 34

Obturator externus movements

Answer 34

Lateral rot of hip

Question 35

Obturator externus nerve supply

Answer 35

Obturator nerve (L3, L4)

Question 36

Obturator externus

Answer 36

Supine - knee bent 90, hip abducted to 45. One hand outside knee to support other hand inside ankle. Resist inward and outward movement.