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TCU A+P > Practical #2 > Flashcards

Practical #2 Flashcards

1
Q

name the action(s) of the epicranius- frontalis

A

elevates eyebrows; draws scalp forward and wrinkles skin of the forehead

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2
Q

name the action(s) of the epicraniui-occipitalis

A

retracts scalp; fixes alea aponeurotic so the frontal can act on the eyebrows

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3
Q

name the action(s) of the orbiculares oculi

A

closes eye in blinking, squinting, and sleep

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4
Q

name the action(s) of the orbiculares oris

A

encircles mouth, closes lips and protrudes lips in kissing

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5
Q

name the action(s) of the levator palpebral superioris

A

elevates upper eyelid; opens eye

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6
Q

name the action(s) of the nasalis

A

opens nostrils

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7
Q

name the action(s) of the elevator anguli oris

A

elevates angle of mouth; smiling muscle

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8
Q

name the action(s) of the depressor anguli oris

A

draws angle of mouth laterally and downward in opening of mouth and frowning

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9
Q

name the action(s) of the zygomaticus major/minor

A

draws angle of mouth upa nd laterally as in smiling, sneering, or laughing

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10
Q

name the action(s) of the platysma

A

tenses skin of cheek and neck; draws lower lip and angle of mouth downward in expressions of horror or surprise

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11
Q

name the action(s) of the buccinator

A

compresses cheek against teeth and gums; expels liquid and air

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12
Q

name the action(s) of the temporalis

A

elevation, retraction and lateral and medial excursion of the mandible

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13
Q

name the action(s) of the masseter

A

elevation, retraction and lateral and medial excursion of the mandible

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14
Q

name the action(s) of the sternocleidomastoid

A

unilateral action causes ipsilateral flexion, contralateral rotation; bilateral actions flexes the head forward as when looking down; aid in deep inhalation when the neck is fixed

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15
Q

name the action(s) of the scalene group

A

unilateral action causes ipsilateral flexion, contralateral rotation; bilateral action flexes the neck forward; aids in deep inhalation when the neck is fixed

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16
Q

name the action(s) of the splenius capitis

A

unilateral action causes ipsilateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation; bilateral action extends the head

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17
Q

name the action(s) of the trapezius

A

extension and lateral flexion of the neck; elevation, retraction, lateral rotation, elevation and depression of the scapula

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18
Q

name the action(s) of the rhomboid major

A

retraction, elevation and medial rotation of the scapula

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19
Q

name the action(s) of the rhomboid minor

A

retraction, elevation and medial rotation of the scapula

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20
Q

name the action(s) of the pectorals minor

A

protraction of the scapula

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21
Q

name the action(s) of the serrates anterior

A

lateral rotation, depression and protraction of the scapula

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22
Q

name the action(s) of the erector spine group

A

extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column

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23
Q

name the action(s) of the pectoralis major

A

flexion, adduction and medial rotation of humerus at the shoulder

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24
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

extension, adduction and medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder

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25
name the action(s) of the deltoid
abduction, flexion, extension, medial rotation and lateral rotation of the humerus at the shoulder
26
name the action(s) of the supraspinatus
abduction of the humerus at the shoulder
27
name the action(s) of the infraspinatus
lateral rotation of the humerus at the shoulder
28
name the action(s) of the terse minor
lateral rotation at the shoulder
29
name the action(s) of the subscapularis
medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder
30
name the action(s) of the coracobrachialis
flexion adduction and medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder
31
name the action(s) of the terse major
extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder
32
name the action(s) of the biceps brachialis
flexion of the elbow
33
name the action(s) of the biceps brachii
supination of forearm, flexion of the elbow, flexion of the humerus at the shoulder
34
name the action(s) of the triceps brachii
extension and adduction of the humerus at the shoulder and extension of the elbow
35
name the action(s) of the brachioradialis
flexion of the elbow
36
name the action(s) of the pronator teres
pronation of the forearm
37
name the action(s) of the anconeus
extension of the elbow
38
name the action(s) of the supinator
supinates forearm
39
name the action(s) of the flexor carpi radialis
anterior flexion and radial flexion of the wrist
40
name the action(s) of the flexor carpi ulnaris
anterior flexion and ulnar flexion of the wrist
41
name the action(s) of the palmaris longus
anchors the skin and fascia of the palm
42
flexor digitorum superficialis
anterior flexion of the wrist and flexion of metacarpophalangeal, and middle interphalangeal joints of digits
43
name the action(s) of the flexor pollicis longus
flexion of interphalangeal joint of the thumb
44
name the action(s) of the flexor pollicis brevis
flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
45
name the action(s) of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
extension and radial flexion of the wrist
46
name the action(s) of the extensor digitorum
extension fo the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5 and extension of wrist
47
name the action(s) of the extensor carpi ulnaris
extension and ulnar flexion of the wrist
48
name the action(s) of the adductor pollicis
draws thumb toward palm as gripping
49
name the action(s) of the abductor pollicis longus
abduction fo the thumb in frontal and sagittal plane, extension at carpometacarpal joint
50
name the action(s) of the abductor pollicis brevis
abduction of thumb in sagittal plane
51
name the action(s) of the extensor pollicis longus and brevis
extension of thumb
52
name the action(s) of the diaphragm
prime mover of inspiration compresses abdomen
53
name the action(s) of the external intercostal
elevation of ribs for inspiration
54
name the action(s) of the internal intercostals
depression fo the ribs for forced expiration
55
name the action(s) of the external abdominal oblique
compresses abdomen, flexes/stabilizes vertebral column during lifting, and unilateral contraction causes contralateral rotation
56
name the action(s) of the internal abdominal oblique
compresses abdomen, flexes/stabilizes vertebral column during lifting, and unilateral contraction causes ipsilateral rotation
57
name the action(s) of the transverses abdominus
compresses abdomen
58
name the action(s) of the rectus abdominus
flexion of vertebral column; compresses abdomen
59
name the action(s) of the iliopsoas group
flexion of thigh at hip when trunk is fixed; flexion of trunk when hip is fixed
60
name the action(s) of the tensor fasciae latae
extension and lateral rotation of the knee and abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip
61
name the action(s) of the gluteus maximus
extension and abduction fo thigh at the hip and elevation of the trunk
62
name the action(s) of the gluteus medius
abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip
63
name the action(s) of the piriformis
lateral rotation and extension of thigh at the hip abducts thigh when fixed
64
name the action(s) of the quadrates femoris
lateral rotation of thigh at the hip
65
name the action(s) of the adductor brevis
adduction of thigh at the hip
66
name the action(s) of the adductor longus
adduction, flexion, and medial rotation fo thigh at the hip
67
name the action(s) of the adductor magnus
adduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip; extension of thigh
68
name the action(s) of the gracilis
adduction of the leg at the hip, flexion and medial rotation of tibia at knee
69
name the action(s) of the pectineus
flexion and adduction of thigh at the hip
70
name the action(s) of the rectus femoris
extension of knee, flexion of thigh at the hip, and flexion of the trunk when the thigh is fixed
71
name the action(s) of the vastus lateralis
extension of the knee
72
name the action(s) of the vastus medialis
extension of the knee
73
name the action(s) of the vastus intermedius
extension of the knee
74
name the action(s) of the sartorious
flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of thigh at the hip, and flexion knee
75
name the action(s) of the biceps femoris
flexion of the knee, extension of the thigh at hip, and elevation of trunk
76
name the action(s) of the semitendinosus
flexion of the knee and extension of thigh at the hip and medial rotation of tibia at knee when flexed
77
name the action(s) of the semimembranosus
flexion of knee, extension o thigh at hip, medial rotation of tibia at knee when flexed
78
name the action(s) of the popliteus
medial rotation of tibia at knee when knee is flexed
79
name the action(s) of the gastrocnemius
plantar flexion of foot and flexion of the knee
80
name the action(s) of the tibialis anterior
dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot
81
name the action(s) of the soleus
plantar flexion of foot
82
name the action(s) of the fibulas longus and brevis
eversion of foot; maintains concavity of foot during tip toeing
83
name the action(s) of the tibialis posterior
inversion and plantar flexion of foot
84
name the action(s) of the extensor digitorum longus
extension of interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5 and dorsiflexion of foot
85
name the action(s) of the extensor digitorum brevis
extension of interphalangeal joints digits 2-5
86
name the action(s) of the extensor hallucis longus and brevis
extension of interphalangeal joints of digit1 and dorsiflexion of foot
87
name the action(s) of the flexor digitorum longus
flexion of interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
88
name the action(s) of the flexor hallucis longus
flexion of interphalangeal joints of digit 1
89
name the attachment(s) of the zygomaticus major and minor
the zygomatic bone, skin and muscles of lower lip
90
name the attachment(s) of the temporalis
temporal lines and temporal fossa; coronoid process and anterior border of mandible
91
name the attachment(s) of the masseter
zygomatic arch; mandibular angle and lateral ramus of mandible
92
name the attachment(s) of the sternocleidomastoid
manubrium foo sternum; medial 1/3 of clavicle; mastoid process; lateral half of superior nuchal line
93
name the attachment(s) of the scalenes group
transverse processes of C1-C7 and ribs 1-2
94
name the attachment(s) of the trapezius
external occipital protuberance; superior nuchal line; spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12; scapula and lateral clavicle
95
name the attachment(s) of the pectoralis minor
ribs 3-5 and coracoid process of scapula
96
name the attachment(s) of the erector spine group
nuchal ligament; ribs 3-12; thoracic and lumbar vertebrae; median sacral crests; mastoid process; cervical and thoracic vertebrae; all ribs
97
name the attachment(s) of the pectoralis major
medial clavicle; sternum; costal cartilages 1-7; inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
98
name the attachment(s) of the latissimus dorsi
T7-L5; ribs 9-12; iliac crest and inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
99
name the attachment(s) of the deltoid
accordion and spine of scapula; clavicle; deltoid tuberosity of humerus
100
name the attachment(s) of the biceps brachii
glenoid cavity, coracoidprocess of scapula, radial tuberosity; fascia of the forearm
101
name the attachment(s) of the triceps brachii
glenoid cavity and joint capsule, posterior surface of head of humerus, posterior surface of humeral shaft, olecranon process of ulna; fascia forearm
102
name the attachment(s) of the brachioradialis
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and the lateral surface of the radius near the styloid process
103
name the attachment(s) of the external abdominal oblique
ribs 5-12, iliac crest; pubic symphysis and superior ramus of the pubis
104
name the attachment(s) of the rectus abdominis
pubic symphysis and superior ramus of pubis, xiphoid process; costal cartilages 5-7
105
name the attachment(s) of the gluteus maximus
posterior surface of ilium, coccyx and sacrum, gluteal tuberosity of femur; lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
106
name the attachment(s) of the adductor brevis
body and inferior ramus of pubis, linea aspera of femur
107
name the attachment(s) of the adductor longus
body and inferior ramus of pubis, linea aspera of femur
108
name the attachment(s) of the adductor magnus
inferior ramus of pubis; ischial tuberosity and ramus, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and supracondylar line of femur
109
name the attachment(s) of the rectus femoris
anterior inferior spine of ilium; superior margin of acetabulum; capsule of hip joint, patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of tibia via the patellar tendon
110
name the attachment(s) of the vastus lateralis
greater trochanter of femur; gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera of femur, patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of the tibia via the patellar tendon
111
name the attachment(s) of the vastus medialis
intertrochanteric line and supracondylar line of femur; linea aspera; patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of the tibia via the patellar tendon
112
name the attachment(s) of the vastus intermedius
anterior and lateral surfaces of the femoral shaft; patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of the tibia via the patellar tendon
113
name the attachment(s) of the biceps femoris
ischial tuberosity, linea aspera, and head of fibula
114
name the attachment(s) of the semitendinosus
ischial tuberosity, medial surface of the upper tibia, and medial condyle of tibia
115
name the attachment(s) of the semimembranosus
ischial tuberosity, medial condyle of the tibia and lateral condyle of the femur, popliteal ligament
116
name the attachment(s) of the gastrocnemius
condyles and popliteal surface of the tibia and the calcaneus
117
name the muscles in the rotator cuff group and their function
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. These muscles help to protect and stabilize the glenohumeral joint
118
name the muscles in the quadriceps femoris group and their function
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius. These muscles are the anterior compartment group of muscles which all insert on the patellar tendon.
119
name the muscles in the hamstrings group and their function
biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus. These muscles are the posterior compartment group of muscles which are named for insertion near the popliteal fossa.
120
name the muscles in the triceps surge and their function
gastrocnemius and the soleus. This is the group fo muscles which insert on the calcaneal tendon.
121
name the muscles in the erector spinae and their function
iliocostalis, longissimus, and the spinalis. these are the muscles running vertically form the cranium to the sacrum
122
another name for a neuron cell body is
soma
123
the dark spot at the center of the cell represents the ___ while the light ring around it represents the ___
nucleolus, nucleus
124
what are the four regions of the spine
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral
125
where does the medullary cone start?
L1
126
the medullary cone continues to become the
cuada equina
127
the ___ gives rise to nerves of the upper limbs
cervical enlargement
128
the ___ gives rise to nerves of the pelvic region and lower limbs
lumbar enlargement
129
the inner most layer of the spinal cord is the
pia mater
130
the ___ anchors the medullary cone by way of the
terminal film, coccygeal ligament
131
the __ is superficial to the pia mater
arachnoid
132
the most superficial meningeal layer is the
dura mater
133
the ___ exists between the dura mater and vertebral canal and is filled with connective tissue
epidural space
134
how many pairs fo spinal nerves arise form the spinal cord
31
135
how many pairs of cervical nerves are there
8
136
how many pairs of thoracic nerves are there
12
137
how many pairs of lumbar nerves are there
5
138
how many pairs of sacral nerves are there
5
139
how many pairs of coccygeal nerves are there
1
140
what are the 4 nerve plexuses
cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral
141
what spinal nerves are associates with the cervical plexus
C1-C5
142
what spinal nerves are associates with the lumbar plexus
L1-L4
143
what spinal nerves are associates with the Sacral plexus
L4-L5 and S1-S4
144
what emerging nerves come from the cervical plexus
phrenic
145
what emerging nerves come from the brachial plexus
radial, median, and ulnar nerves
146
what emerging nerves come from the sacral plexus
sciatic
147
what part of the spinal cord houses CSF
the central canal
148
The anterior root contains what classification of neurons?
multipolar
149
the posterior root contains what classification of neurons
unipolar
150
name the twelve cranial nerves along with their number and classification(composition)
``` Olfactory, 1, sensory Optic, 2, sensory Oculomotor, 3, motor Trochlear, 4, motor, Trigeminal, 5, mixed Abducens, 6, motor Facial, 7, mixed Vestibulocochlear, 8, sensory Glossopharyngeal, 9, mixed Vagus, 10, mixed Accessory, 11, motor Hypoglossal, 12, motor ```
151
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the Olfactory nerve
sensory, sense of smell, olfactory mucosa in the nasal cavity, olfactory bulbs, impaired sense of smell
152
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the optic nerve
sensory, sense of vision, nervous component of the retina, thalamus and midbrain, blindness in part or all of visual field.
153
Name the composition, function(s), termination and function, and effect of damage in the oculomotor nerve
predominantly motor, midbrain, (elevator palpabrae superiors-opens the eyelid and sphincter pupillae muscle-constriction fo the pupil), drooping of eyelid or dilated pupil
154
Name the composition, origin, termination and function, and effect of damage in the trochlear nerve
motor, midbrain, superior oblique muscle of the eye-depresses eye and turns it laterally, double vision and weekend ability to look downward
155
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the trigeminal nerve-ophthalmic division
sensory, pons, superior region of the face and the surface of the eyeball, touch/temperature/pain sensation from the upper face, loss of sensation from the surface of the eyeball and upper face
156
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the trigeminal nerve-maxillary division
sensory, touch/temperature/pain sensation from the middle face, middle region of the face and the maxillary sinus, pons, loss of sensation from the middle face and upper teeth and gums
157
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the trigeminal nerve-mandibular division
mixed Sensory division: touch/temperature/pan sensations, inferior region fo the face, pons Motor division: mastication, pons, masseter loss of sensation from the lower face and impaired chewing
158
Name the composition, origin, termination and function, and effect of damage in the abducens nerve
motor, inferior pons, lateral rectus muscle of the eye-moves eye laterally, inability to turn eye laterally, at rest eye will drift medially
159
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the facial nerve
mixed Sensory division: taste form the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, taste buds of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, thalamus Motor division: facial expression/secretion of tears, saliva, nasal and oral mucus, pons, muscles on the middle ear and muscles of facial expression inability to control facial muscles; sagging due to loss of muscle tone; distorted sense of taste, primarily for sweet foods
160
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the vestibulocochlear nerve
mostly sensory Sensory division: sense of hearing and equilibrium, cochlea and vestibule/semicircular ducts, medulla and pons Motor division: altered sensitivity of the cochlea to sound waves, pons, outer hair cells of the cochlea of the inner ear nerve deafness, dizziness, nausea, loss of balance
161
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the glossopharyngeal nerve
mixed Sensory division: taste on the posterior 2/3 of the tongue, touch/pressure/pain/temperature sensation from the tongue and outer ear, pharynx and posterior 2/3 of the tongue no termination?? motor division: salivation, medulla oblongata, parotid salivary glands of the posterior tongue and muscles of swallowing loss of bitter and sour taste, impaired swallowing
162
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the vagus nerve
mixed sensory division: taste/sensations of hunger/fullness/gastrointestinal discomfort, thoracic/abdominopelvic viscera/phayrnx and larynx, medulla oblongata motor division: swallowing/speech/gastrointestinal motility, medulla oblongata, tongue/palate/pharynx/larynx hoarseness or loss of voice, impaired swallowing and gastrointestinal motility can be fatal gif m=both vagus nerves are damaged
163
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the accessory nerve
motor, swallowing/head, neck, and shoulder movement, spinal cord segments C1-C6, palate/pharynx/trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles, impaired movement of the head, neck, and shoulders
164
Name the composition, function(s), origin, termination, and effect of damage in the hypoglossal nerve
motor, tongue movements of speech, food manipulation and swallowing, medulla oblongata, intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue, impaired speech and swallowing/deviation of tongue to damaged side
165
what does the lacrimal gland do
produces tears
166
what action and cranial nerve is the lateral rectus associated with
moves eye laterally, abducens
167
what action and cranial nerve is the medial rectus associated with
moves eye medially, oculomotor
168
what action and cranial nerve is the superior rectus associated with
elevates eye and turns it medially, oculomotor
169
what action and cranial nerve is the inferior rectus associated with
depresses eye and turns it medially, oculomotor
170
what action and cranial nerve is the inferior oblique associated with
elevates eye and turns it laterally, oculomotor
171
what action and cranial nerve is the superior oblique associated with
depresses eye and turns it laterally, trochlear
172
what part of the ear is known as the eardrum?
tympanic membrane
173
what are the three auditory ossicles
the malleus, incus, and the stapes
174
what is the function of the cochlear duct
it contains sensory receptors for hearing
175
what is the function of the vestibular nerve
the fibers transmit signals from the ampullae to the brain
176
what is the function of the cochlear nerve fibers
they transmit signals from the cochlea to the brain

TCU A+P (12 decks)

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