Practices Flashcards
1
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What are sacraments?
A
outward signs that an inward sighn of grace has been given by God
2
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What are the 7 sacraments?
A
- baptism
- confirmation
- eucharist
- reconciliation
- anointing of the sick
- marriage
- holy orders
3
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the practice, symbolism and meaning of Baptism?
A
- practice - parents and godparents bring the child to church and the priest pours water over the child (in the name of the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit)
- symbolism - the water symbolises washing away sin; the oil and the candle symbolise being claimed by Christ
- meaning - the original sinis washed away with
4
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the importance of Baptism?
A
- Entry into the Church and gateway to all other sacraments - CCC teaches that without the person can’t
- Welcomes the child into God’s family - ready to begin a new life in the Holy Spirit
- Washes away original sin - can achieve salvation
5
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the practice, symbolism and meaning of confirmation?
A
- practice - Bishop anoints the forehead with chrism oil and lays hands, also renews the vows made at Baptism
- symbolism - Laying on of hands = passing on the Spirit, Oil = strength and sealing with the Holy Spirit
- meaning - Confirms baptismal promises, Person becomes a mature witness of faith
6
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the importance of Confirmation?
A
- makes the person a full member of the Church
- Receives gifts of the Holy Spirit (e.g. courage, wisdom)
- Strengthens commitment to live as a Catholic
7
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the practice, symbolism and meaning of reconciliation?
A
- Practice - person confesses sins to a priest and expresses sorrow, Priest gives absolution and a penance
- Symbolism - Priest = represents Jesus, Words of absolution = God’s forgiveness
- Meaning - Reconciles person with God and the Church, Restores grace lost through sin, Offers spiritual healing and peace
8
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the importance of reconciliation?
A
- sin separates people from each other and from God - reconciliation restores people’s relationship with God
- Offers a fresh start – Catholics are encouraged to confess regularly, which helps them reflect, grow, and avoid repeating sins
9
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is annointing of the sick?
A
Priest anoints the sick person with oil and prays for healing
lays their hands on the sick person and absolves their sins away
gives the viaticum (food foe thr journey to God)
10
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the importance of the annointing of the sick?
A
- gives grace, spiritual strength and healing
- allows the person’s sins to be forgiven so they can enter heaven
11
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is marriage?
A
- involves God, the Bride and the Groom
- there are Bible readings, prayers, a homily on marriage and an exchange of vows and rings
- rings = eternal love and commitment
- Couple = sign of God’s love and covenant
- Open to having and raising children
- Shares in God’s love and grace
12
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
Why is marriage important?
A
- creates a holy bond – Marriage is a sacrament that blesses the union between a man and woman, reflecting God’s faithful love.
- builds the ‘domestic Church’ – the family is seen as a small Church, where children can be brought up in the faith.
- calls the couple to holiness – the couple are called to help each other grow in love, selflessness, and faith through everyday life
13
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is holy orders?
A
- is the sacrament when men are consecrated into the ordained ministry
- the Bishop lays hands upon each candidate and anoints their hands with chrism at a special Mass, giving them grace, strength and authority to administer the sacraments
- Laying on of hands = passing authority from apostles
- Oil and vestments = being set apart to serve
14
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What is the importance of holy orders?
A
- allows celebration of sacraments – Only priests can consecrate the Eucharist and forgive sins, which is vital for the spiritual life of Catholics
- continues Jesus’ mission – Ordained ministers carry out Jesus’ work on Earth, especially in preaching, teaching, and caring for souls
15
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What sacraments do Catholics believe are essential for salvation?
A
- Baptism
- confirmation
- Eucharist
- reconciliation
- anointing of the sick
16
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What are different views of the sacraments?
A
Most Protestants - only baptism and eucharist are essential for salvation as they were insitutued by Jesus
17
Q
The sacramental nature of reality
What are some SOWAs on The sacramental nature of reality?
A
CCC teaches that:
* the 7 sacraments are the way the Holy Spirit spreads the grace of Christ throughout the Church
* the sacraments are efficacious sighns of grace instituted by Christ and the first 5 are essential for salvation
18
Q
Catholic liturgical worship
What is liturgical worship?
A
- uses a service book with set prayers and rituals so that everything follows the same format
- the worshippers can follow the service and join in certain parts
19
Q
Catholic liturgical worship
What is the main liturgical worship?
A
Mass - which Catholics should attend every sunday and Holy day
CCC teaches that knowingly missing Mass on sunday holy days is a sin
20
Q
Catholic liturgical worship
What is the (set) structure of Mass?
A
- The introductory right - makes Catholics aware that they are sinners + includes the Penitential Rite
- The liturgy of the word - contains Bible readings when all stand for the Gospel reading as it contains the word of Christ
- The liturgy of the Eucharist - when the bread and the wine are brought to the alter to be offered to God, Eucharistic Prayer re-enacts the last supper and the bread and wine (through transubstantiation) change to the body and blood of Christ
- The concluding right - when people give thanks for what they have recieved + the congregation are given a blessing to help them in the week ahead
21
Q
Catholic liturgical worship
Why is the Mass important to Catholics?
A
- the Eucharist is a sacrament which gives grace to live good lives and to grow closer to God
- the Eucharist is a re-presentation of Jesus’ death
- Catholics are in the real presence of Christ
- Jesus commanded attendance at Mass when he said at the last supper - ‘do this in memory for me’ (SOWA)
22
Q
Catholic liturgical worship
What are different Christian understandings of Liturgical worship?
A
main form of worship in Catholic, Orthodox and many Anglican worship
Protestant Christians often believe the Eucharist is more symbolic - a reminder of Jesus’ death
23
Q
Catholic liturgical worship
What are some SOWAs on Catholic liturgical worship?
A
- CCC teaches that knowingly missing Mass on sunday holy days is a sin
- CCC teaches that the Eucharist is the sorce and summit of the Christian life
24
Q
Funeral rite
What does the funeral rite involve?
A
- a vigil service
- the funeral liturgy
- the rite of commital
in order
25
# Funeral rite
**Where** and **what** is the **vigil service?**
* church, sometimes **funeral home** or **family home**
* takes place the **night before** the funeral takes the form of the service of the word, a **euology** remembering the **life** of the **deceased** and prayers comending them to heaven
* many families take the body to stay in the **church overnight**
26
# Funeral rite
**Where** and **what** is the **funeral liturgy?**
* **church**
* Usually a **requiem Mass**
* when the **church gathers** with the family + friends - to give **praise** and **thanks** to God for **Christs victory over sin death** and to commend the deceaced to Gods tender mercy and compassion
* **prayers for pardon** are said after the Mass and before the burial - ask God that the person will have **eternal rest**
* the priest **incenses the cofin** and sprinkles it with **Holy water**
27
# Funeral rite
**Where** and **what** is the **rite of commital?**
* **cemetery**
* where the **scripture readings** about ressurection, **prayers** of **farewell** and **commendation**
* the cofin is **sprinkled with holy water** and lowered into the **ground** with a **prayer for eternal rest** of the departed's soul and then the priest blesses the mourners
28
# Funeral rite
What are the **aims** of the **funeral rite?**
* the requiem mass allows for the **communion with the deceased**
* the rite of commital shows the **communion** that exists between the **church on earth** and the **church in heaven**
* **all 3** proclaim the Church's belief that Christians will share in **Christ's eternal life**
29
# Funeral rite
What is the **importance** of the **funeral rite?**
* reminds Catholics of the Churchs faith that the paschal mystery means that they will have **eternal life**
* assures the mourners that the deceased is still in the **communion of the Church** and will be reunited with loved ones at the end
30
# Funeral rite
What are some **SOWAs** on **Funeral rite?**
**John 11** - "The one who believes in me will live, even though they die"
31
# prayer
What are the **features** of **prayer?**
* **adoration** - praising/adoring God for what he is
* **thanksgiving**
* **confession** - saying sorry and asking for forgiveness
* **supplication** - asking for Gods help
32
# prayer
What is the **main purpose** of **prayer?**
attempting to contact God
33
# prayer
What are the **different types** of **prayers?**
**Set** - used in liturgical worship (e.g Hail Mary and the Lord’s Prayer
*Informal** - to express innermost thoughts to God using our own words (more personal)
34
# prayer
Why do Catholics pray the **Lord’s Prayer (our father)?**
This is how Jesus told us to pray in Matthew’s Gospel
It expresses
* **adoration** - your kingdom come…
* **confession** - forgive us our trespasses…
* **supplication** - give us this day our daily bread
35
# prayer
Why is **important** to pray?
* Catholics believe that prayer is a way to communicate with God and develop a personal relationship with Him
* Catholics follow the example of Jesus, who often prayed to God the Father
* It allows them to seek forgiveness, ask for help, and express gratitude
* Catholics believe that the Holy Spirit can guide them during prayer (Romans 8:26), helping them make moral and spiritual decisions
36
# prayer
Why is it important to have a **variety of types of worship?**
37
# prayer
What are some **SOWAs** on **prayer?**
* **Jesus taught** the **greatest commandment** is to ‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength’
* **Jesus also said** “Where two or more are gathered in my name, I am there with them” Matthew 18: 20
38
# Forms of popular piety
What is **popular piety?**
Forms of prayer and worship which come from peoples response to the Church’s liturgy
39
# #Forms of popular piety
What are the **different popular pieties?**
* The Rosary
* Eucharistic adoration
* The stations of the cross
40
# Forms of popular piety
What is the **Rosary/how is it used?**
meditating on the life of Jesus and Mary while reciting specific prayers using a set of beads
**set of prayers** based on:
* the early days of Jesus
* the **Luminous mysteries** (from Jesus' baptism to the Last Supper)
* **Sorrowful Mysteries** (e.g. Agony in the Garden, Crucifixion)
* **Glorious Mysteries** (e.g. Resurrection, Assumption of Mary)
Rosary is divided into **5 “decades”,** each made of:
* 1 Our Father
* 10 Hail Marys
* 1 Glory Be
41
# Forms of popular piety
**Why** do Catholics use the **Rosary?**
* It provides a **structured, calm time** of prayer and meditation -they meditate on the **mystery associated** with that **decade**
* It gives opportunity to **remember** the main events in **Jesus’ life** through the **mysteries** of the Rosary
42
# Forms of popular piety
What is **Eucharistic adoration/how is it used?**
* adoration focussed on the **Blessed Sacrament**
* may be performed both when the Eucharist is **exposed** for viewing (**displayed on a monstrance**) and when it is **not** (on the **alter or in the tabernacle**)
* Many Catholics perform Eucharistic adoration for an **uninterrupted hour called Holy Hour** - keep watch on **Christ**
43
# Forms of popular piety
Why is **Eucharistic adoration** used?
The Blessed Sacrament is the ‘**Living Heart**’ of each of its churches
* helps the worshipper to make contact with the **presence of Christ** - as said by **Pope John Paul**
* follows the examples of the **Popes** - Pope John Paul II showed its importance by spending **many hours** in Eucharistic adoration, said that it provides worshippers to get in touch with the **presence of Christ**
44
# Forms of popular piety
What are **stations of the cross/how is it used?**
series of **images** showing Jesus Christ on the day of his **crucifixion** (**often 14**) arranged in number order around a church
* Worshippers move from **image to image**, following the stations in order
* At each station, they **pray** or stand in silence to **reflect**
* The focus is on **Jesus' death** and **resurrection**, the **key events** in his life
45
# Forms of popular piety
Why are the **stations of the cross** used?
* give Catholics the chance to **identify** with **Jesus’ pain** and **suffering**
* give Catholics a chance to pray through the journey of **Jesus** to the **cross**
* remember the **cost of salvation** which Jesus brings them
46
# Forms of popular piety
What are **different Christian attitudes** to **Forms of popular piety?**
**Protestants do not use any... why?:**
* **Rosary** - believe Mary was an ordinary woman and do not accept the assumption or immaculate conception
* **Eucharistic adoration** - dont believe in transubstantiation
* **stations of the cross** - not all based on the Bible
47
# Forms of popular piety
What are some **SOWAs** on **Forms of popular piety?**
* **CCC** - "teaches that the Rosary is important as it helps Catholics to meditate on the work of Christ"
* **CCC** - "these expressions of piety extend the liturgical life of the Church, but do not replace it"
48
# Pilgramage
What is a **pilgramage?**
religious journey to important places that are connected to their religion
49
# Pilgramage
What are the **popular Catholic pilgrimage destinations?**
* Holy Land/Jerusalem (birth and death of Jesus)
* Lourdes (France)
* Vatican City (Rome)
* Walsingham (England)
50
# Pilgramage
**Why** do Catholics go on a **pilgrimage?**
* **Getting closer to God** - helps deepen their personal relationship through prayer at holy places
* **Increase or strengthen their faith** - seeing where miracles or Bible events happened inspires belief
* To show God that they are **sorry (penance)** - a sacrifice that shows sorrow for sin
* To ask for **forgiveness** - may go to confession or pray for mercy while on pilgrimage
* To be **cured from an illness** - many believe healing can happen at places like Lourdes
* To gain **inner strength** - time for reflection helps them deal with struggles or grief
* To **add discipline** to their spiritual life
51
# Pilgramage
Why might a Catholic visit **Jerusalem?**
To **walk** **where Jesus lived, died, and rose again** – e.g.,
* Cenacle (Last Supper)
* Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jesus’ tomb)
* Via Dolorosa (path Jesus walked with the cross)
It helps pilgrims feel **closer** to Jesus and **reflect on his sacrifice**
52
# Pilgramage
Why do Catholics go to **Rome/Vatican City?**
Rome is the **centre of the Catholic Church** and home of the **Pope** - Pilgrims visit:
* **St Peter’s Basilica** – tomb of St Peter
* **St John Lateran** – Holy Stairs (Jesus' trial)
* To attend **papal Masses** or strengthen their Catholic identity
53
# Pilgramage
What is special about **Lourdes** as a **pilgrimage site?**
Lourdes is where **Mary appeared to Bernadette (18 times)** - Pilgrims go to:
* Bathe in the spring water, believed to have **healing powers**
* Seek **miracles** or **forgiveness** of sins
* Join in *Eucharistic* and Rosary processions
It’s a place of **spiritual and physical healing**
54
# Pilgramage
Why do people visit **Walsingham?**
Mary appeared in a vision asking for a **replica of her home in Nazareth** - Pilgrims go to:
* **Pray** to Mary
* Feel **closer to God** by connecting with Mary
* getting **closer to Mary** - are also getting **close to God** as Catholics believe that Mary was the mother of God
55
# Pilgramage
What are **different** **Christian attitudes** on **pilgramage?**
**Protesants** - feel that emphasising special 'holy places' is **wrong** because believers can encounter **Godany where** - God is the same **everywhere**
56
# Pilgramage
What are some **SOWAs** for **pilgramage?**
**CCC** - "pilgramage can strengthen faith and increase knowledge of the mystery of Christ"
57
# Catholic social teaching
What is **Catholic Social teaching** based on?
**one of Jesus' greatest commandments was to "love your neighbour as yourself" - Mark 12:31**
* believe all people are neighbours and must be treated with love and dignity
**Bible teachings**
...Parables such as:
* Good Samaritan – love those who are different or rejected
* Sheep and Goats – judgement will be based on how we treated others (e.g. feeding the hungry)
**Church teachings**
* e.g - (st Paul aswell) that Christians should try live in peace with erveyone
58
# Catholic social teaching
What are the **7 key themes** to social teaching in the **Catholic Church?**
1. Human dignity
2. Rights and responsibilities
3. Common good
4. participation
5. solidarity
6. stewardship
7. option for the poor
8. subsidarity
59
# Catholic social teaching
What is **Justice** in Catholic Social Teaching?
* Justice is one of the **four cardinal virtues** (major virtues)
* Catholics are called to stand up for what is **right** and **fight against social injustices**
* The **Bible teaches** that **God** is **just** and wants people to be treated **equally** because we are made in **God’s image**
60
# Catholic social teaching
What does **Jesus** teach about **justice** in **relation to the poor?**
* Jesus teaches that the **rich should share with the poor**
* **He said**, “It is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God” - this highlights the importance of **generosity** and **social justice** for **equality**
61
# Catholic social teaching
What is the role of **Peace** and **Reconciliation** in Christianity?
* **Peace** and **Reconciliation** are central to the gospel **message**
* **Jesus said**, “Blessed are the peacemakers for they will be called sons of God”
* Christians are called to **forgive** and **restore relationships** to bring about peace
62
# Catholic social teaching
How is **forgiveness** important for **peace** in **Catholic teaching?**
* **Forgiveness** is essential for **restoring relationships** and **building peace**
* **Jesus teaches** forgiveness in the **Parable of the Unforgiving Servant** and on the cross - ** “Forgive them father for they know not what they do"**
* Without forgiveness, conflict and division remain, but through forgiveness, **peace and reconciliation are possible**
63
# Catholic social teaching
What is **Laudato Si** and what **issues** does it **address?**
Laudato Si is the second encyclical of Pope Francis, titled "On Care For Our Common Home"
It addresses environmental and world poverty issues like:
* Pollution
* Climate change
* Lack of clean water
* Loss of biodiversity
* Breakdown of society
Pope Francis calls for dialogue on solutions and urges the use of alternatives to fossil fuels (e.g., solar energy, wind energy)
64
# Catholic social teaching
What is the role of **St Vincent de Paul Society (SVP)?**
helps to **relieve poverty** and **suffering** in the uk by organising:
* **regular visiting** and personal care for the lonely, depressed, housbound...
* **drop-in centres** for lonely people to have opportunities to socialise - helping to reduce social isolation and providing a sense of co**mmunity
65
# Catholic social teaching
How does **CAFOD** try to **end world poverty?**
* **Emergency Relief** - CAFOD provides immediate help in disasters, **offering food, water, medical care**, and **shelter** to those in urgent need
* CAFOD lobbies governments and businesses to adopt **fairer policies**, promoting issues like climate change action, fair trade, and debt relief to reduce the root causes of poverty
66
# Catholic social teaching
What are some **SOWAs** fo **Catholic social teaching**?
**Mark 12:31** -one of Jesus' **greatest commandments** was to
"love your neighbour as yourself"
67
# mission and evangelisation
What is **Evangelism**, where did it **come from?**
**spreading the Christian faith through teaching**
is about **sharing**, **not forcing** the faith
Comes from **Jesus’ command**: *“Go and make disciples of all nations...”* (**Matthew 28:19**):
* Disciples were scared at first; Jesus promised them help from the Holy Spirit
* At **Pentecost**, disciples **received gifts** (e.g. courage, language, faith)
* Many disciples were **persecuted** or **martyred** for evangelising (e.g. Peter, Bartholomew)
68
# mission and evangelisation
What is the **‘New Evangelisation’?**
**Pope Francis** - a **relationship with Jesus Christ** in the Church is a cause of such joy that it causes people to go out on a mission to **evangelise others**
**They may evangelise:**
* Locally – sticking to their parish, town/city
* Nationally – as part of a country
* Globally – around the world
69
# mission and evangalism
How can **individuals** evangelise today?
* **Locally**: through jobs, family life, spreading the Gospel through local talks or writing
* **Nationally**: attending national faith events or speaking at/attending conferences
* **Globally**: using media, attend global gatherings to share and learn about their faith or working abroad to share faith
70
# mission and evangalism
How does the **Catholic Church** evangelise today?
* **Local**: Mass, sacraments, outreach, Catholic newspapers
* **National**: Bishops’ Conference, campaigns like Proclaim '15, National Catholic publications such as The Catholic Times
* **Global**: Pope’s message, Catholic media (EWTN), charities like CAFOD
71
# mission and evangalism
Why is **missionary** and **evangelical work important** for Catholics?
* Obedience to **Jesus' Command** - “Go and make disciples of all nations…” (Matthew 28:19) (**the great commision**)
* Helps to **share God’s love** with those **outside the faith**
* Evangelism shows love **for our neighbours** - one of Jesus' **greatest commandments**
* **Counters decline** in church attendance
72
# mission and evangalism
What are some **different views** on **mission** and **evangalism?**
Some **Catholics** and **other Christians** may think that:
* Trying to covert people from other faiths is **wrong** and is a type of **prejudice** and **discrimination**
* It is impossible to regard all other religions as wrong unless you have studied **all of them** and compared them to decide which **one is true**
73
# mission and evangalism
What are some **SOWAs** on **mission and evangalism?**
**Matthew 28:19** - “Go and make disciples of all nations…”
