Pre-Test 2

Question 1

Risk of congenital heart disease in general population? if another kid has one but isn’t part of a syndrome?

Answer 1

1%
2-6% if another kid had one
20-30% if two kids had one

Question 2

VSD murmer

Answer 2

Harsh blowing murmur on left lower sternum

Question 3

MCC of myocarditis in kids

Answer 3

Adenovirus and Cox A

Question 4

Epstein anomaly murmur

Answer 4

Quadruple rhythm (s3 and s4), murmur of tricuspid regurg, and mid systolic murmur at left sternal border

Question 5

Spindle shaped swelling of finger joints think what?

Answer 5

Juvenile RA

Question 6

LVH seen in what cyanotic murmur

Answer 6

Tricuspid atresia (only what with left enlargement

Question 7

Snowman X-ray with what congenital heart disease

Answer 7

Total anomalous pulmonary return

Question 8

Single S2 with

Answer 8

TGA

Question 9

What is TAR syndrome? associated heart defect?

Answer 9

Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius

worry about TOF and ASD

Question 10

What is Noonans syndrome? worry about?

Answer 10

Male turners

Worry about pulmonic stenosis

Question 11

AR congenital long QT associated with

Answer 11

Deafness

Question 12

Good test for Erb-Duchhene palsy

Answer 12

Chest US to look for asymmetric diaphragmatic movement

Question 13

Bronchiolitis CXR

Answer 13

Patchy infiltrates with flat diaphragms

Question 14

Complete whiteout on one lung in CXR think

Answer 14

Empyema

Question 15

Inhalation of gas management

Answer 15

Supportive, monitor pulse ox

Question 16

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis features

Answer 16

Recurrent lower lobe PNA, hemoptysis, microcytic anemia

BAL with reveal hemosiderin-laden macrophages

Question 17

Biphasic stridor in a kid who you think has croup think

Answer 17

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 18

Dirt eating kids can get what infection

Answer 18

Toxocara

Question 19

When do sphenoid sinuses develop

Answer 19

3-5 years of life

Question 20

2 sinuses large enough to harbor infection from infancy

Answer 20

Maxillary and ethmoid

Question 21

Most swallowed foreign bodies lodge where

Answer 21

Below cricopharyngeal muscle at level of aortic arch

Question 22

What looks like congenital diaphragmatic hernia but stomach below diaphragm

Answer 22

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation

Question 23

Mod persistant asthma

Answer 23

Daily symptoms and nighttime symptoms more than once a week

Question 24

Acid-base of diarrhea

Answer 24

Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Question 25

Stool filled anal canal on X-ray when poor rectal tone in well grown child supports the diagnosis of

Answer 25

functional constipation

Question 26

Eosinophilic esophagitis tx

Answer 26

Corticosteroids

Question 27

Malrotation barium xray buzzword

Answer 27

"curly q"

Question 28

Meconium ileus, think what disease

Answer 28

CF*

Question 29

ANCA for UC

Answer 29

P-ANCA

Question 30

Consider what in kid with intractable constipation without soiling

Answer 30

Hirschsprung (rectal manometry can dx)

Question 31

What is Sandifer syndrome

Answer 31

Bending of neck caused by GERD

Question 32

Crohn's triad

Answer 32

Diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain

Question 33

What is rumination? tx?

Answer 33

Rumination is where patients regurgitate, richer, and reswallow food Tx is behavioral therapy

Question 34

Lots of dehydration exam findings without hypernatremia % dehydrated

Answer 34

5-9%

Question 35

Why hyperglycemia in hypernatremic dehydration

Answer 35

Decreased insulin secretion and cell sensitivity to insulin

Question 36

First teeth to come in

Answer 36

Mandibular central teeth

Question 37

Congenital indirect hernia from? Indirect?

Answer 37

Incomplete closure of the processus vaginalis | Indirect from weakness in musculature of inguinal canal

Question 38

Charcoal works for ingestion of what drugs

Answer 38

Phenobarbital, TCAs, sustained release drugs (theophylline)

Question 39

Culture for ETEC

Answer 39

sorbitol-MacConkey agar

Question 40

Small streaks of blood in vomiting after lots of vomiting

Answer 40

Mallory-Weiss tear

Question 41

Vit A def besides eye stuff

Answer 41

Eye and skin drying | Can also see poor growth and impaired cognition

Question 42

Preferred test for reflux in kids

Answer 42

esophageal pH probe

Question 43

Labial fusion in a baby tx

Answer 43

Estrogen cream

Question 44

Gray d/c in a newborn girl likely

Answer 44

Physiologic d/c related to estrogen withdrawal

Question 45

Prune belly syndrome

Answer 45

Lax abdominal wall, dilated urinary tract, intra-abdominal testiuclar tissue * Oligohydramios seen* * Can also see club feet and congenital hip dislocation*

Question 46

Labs of Fanconi's

Answer 46

Glucosuria but normal blood sugar Abnormally high urine pH w/ hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis Mild albuminuria w/ normal serum protein

Question 47

Kidney stone imaging

Answer 47

Non-contrast spiral CT

Question 48

Low grade VUR management

Answer 48

Close observation, daily low dose antibiotics, and UA and culture every 3-4 months

Question 49

Wedge shape w/ UTI on contrast CT of kidney

Answer 49

Acute lobar nephronia (b/w pyelo and an abscess)

Question 50

When to operate on undescended testicles

Answer 50

6 months of age

Question 51

Idiopathic hypercalcuria dx? symptoms

Answer 51

serum and urine calcium levels | Symptoms include recurrent gross hematuria (constant microscopic), dysuria, and abdominal pain

Question 52

MCC of pediatric vulvovaginitis

Answer 52

Chemical

Question 53

Varicocele cause

Answer 53

Dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus

Question 54

4 big alports things

Answer 54

Hearing loss Hematuria (after URI esp, can lead to ESRD) Ocular abnormalities Rare --> Leiomyomatosis of esophagus or respiratory tree

Question 55

How can oligohydramnios cause clubfoot

Answer 55

Constraint deformaties

Question 56

Barter's syndrome features

Answer 56

Hypokalemia, hypercalciuria, alkalosis, hyperaldosteronism, and hyperreninemia

Question 57

Hemihypertrophy associated malignancy

Answer 57

Wilms tumor