Flashcards in Problem areas boards Deck (23)
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1
Addisons disease
Decreased adrenocortical function
Hyperpigmentation, hypoglycemia, anemia, decreased sodium, bp, and potassium
2
Cushings disease
Excessive exposure to corticosteroids
Hyperglycemia, polycythemia, protein wasting, moon faces, buffalo hump etc.
3
Phosphate vs Acetate Corticosteroids
Phosphate - Short acting, clear, water soluble
Acetate - Long acting, white, insoluble
Should be reserved for damaged joints only.
4
Age that marcaine is restricted in children?
Restricted in children under the age of 12
5
Induction agents known to cause malignant hyperthermia?
Isoflurane, Desflurane, succinylcholine, sevoflurane
6
Use of Rocuronium and Succynylcholine in anesthesia?
Both are muscle relaxants!
7
Shape of vertical talus bottom of foot?
Rocker bottom!
Forefoot is abducted and there is dorsiflexion of the forefoot on the rearfoot
8
What muscle groups are tight for vertical talus?
Tendo achilles and anterior muscle group
Talar movement is imposible
Calcaneal equinus
9
What structures are tightened in vertical talus deformities?
Tibionavicular ligament
Talonavicular ligament
Anterior muscle group
Peroneus brevis/longus
Triceps surae
Calcaneofibular ligament
Posterior ankle and subtalar capsule
10
What structures are stretched with vertical talus?
Spring ligament
Tibialis posterior, FDL, FDB
11
This congenital deformity has a hypoplastic talaer neck that develops an abnormal facet
Vertical talus
Subtalar facets are abnormal because of the weird talocalcaneal articulation.
Anterior facet doesnt exist, middle facet is hypoplastic, and the posterior facet is malformed.
12
Eyre Brook test
Lateral plantarflexion in vertical talus to determine how reducible a procedure is.
13
Casting position for vertical talus?
foot plantarflexed
heel inverted
Forefoot in adduction
Knee flexed at 90
Key is lining up the TN joint
If correction occurs correctly, patient will have an equinovarus deformity.
14
First bone to ossify before birth?
Calcaneus
15
Last bone to ossify before birth
Cuboid
16
Last tarsal bone to ossify after birth
Navicular at 3.5 years
17
What age does the calcaneal apophysis appear?
7 years
18
What age do the sesamoids appear?
12 years
19
Age for osgood schlatters disease?
11-15 years of age
20
Kohlers disease
Boys in ages 3-6 years
21
Tillaux fracture vs Triplane fracture
Tillaux is lateral 1/2 of tib epiphysis. AITFL avulsion
Triplane is a combination of SH II and III with second fracture line through the epiphysis
22
Salter harris 6
bruising of peripheral growth plate by blunt trauma
23
