PROLACTIN + OXYTOCIN

Question 1

prolactin (PRL / D-receptor agonists) → drug names:

Answer 1

1. bromocriptine (D1 & D2)
2. cabergoline (D2)
3. quinagolide (D2)

Question 2

PRL → OVERproduction:

Answer 2

1. galactorrhea

2. hypogonadism

Question 3

PRL → UNDERproduction:

Answer 3

1. failure to lactate

2. luteal phase defect

Question 4

PRL → mechanism of action:

Answer 4

1. lower circulating PRL levels
2. shrink pituitary PRL-secreting tumors
3. stimulate pituitary GH release in normal subjects & suppress GH release in ACROMEGALY

Question 5

PRL → indications:

Answer 5

1. prolactin-secreting adenomas
2. amenorrhea-galactorrhea
3. physiologic lactation
4. acromegaly
5. parkinson’s disease

Question 6

PRL → side effects:

Answer 6

1. nausea
2. lightheadedness
3. orthostatic hypotension
4. fatigue
5. psychiatric manifestations
6. peripheral digital vasospasm
7. pulmonary infiltrates may occur

Question 7

oxytocin ANTAGONIST: (drug name)

Answer 7

atosiban (used in preterm labor)

Question 8

oxytocin → mechanism of action:

Answer 8

1. produced in hypothalamus

2. stimulates uterine contraction & milk ejection

Question 9

oxytocin → indications:

Answer 9

1. obstetrics → stimulate uterine contraction & induce labor
2. augment dysfunctional labor for conditions requiring early vaginal delivery
3. uterine inertia
4. control of postpartum uterine hemorrhage or impaired milk ejection

Question 10

oxytocin → CONTRAindications:

Answer 10

1. fetal distress
2. prematurity
3. cephalopelvic disproportion

Question 11

oxytocin → side effects:

Answer 11

(uncommon when used properly)

1. hypertension
2. uterine rupture
3. water retention
4. fetal death