Protein Synthesis Flashcards
A section of DNA that codes for a protein is called a…
Gene
What controls the production of proteins?
DNA
What are proteins made up of?
Chains of amino acids
What determines the order of amino acids in the protein?
The base sequence in the gene
What do 3 bases code for?
An amino acid
What is mRNA?
mRNA carries the code for the protein form the DNA to the ribosomes
Where does the code travel from?
The nucleus to the cytoplasm
Describe why some proteins in cells are switched off?
Some of the proteins are ‘switched off’ because they are not needed within the cell, this probably means that another cell is making same protein.
Name the 4 functions proteins have?
Enzymes, carrier molecules hormones and structural proteins
Describe carrier molecules?
Carrier molecules are used to transport other molecules, such as haemoglobin which is found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen molecules and transports them around the body
Describe hormones?
Hormones are used to carry messages around the body. Four example insulin is a hormone and released into the body by the pancreas to regulate the blood sugar level
Describe enzymes?
Enzymes control cell reactions
Describe structural proteins?
Structural proteins are physically strong for example collagen is a structural protein that strengthens connective tissues
When DNA is copied what is is called?
Transcription
The copied code that travels from the nucleus to the ribosome is called?
Messenger mRNA
