Prototype Drug Unit 6- Verapamil

Question 1

Therapeutic classification

Answer 1

Antihypertensive, anti anginal, antidysrhithmic

Question 2

Pharmacologic classification

Answer 2

Calcium channel blocker; phenylalylamine type

Question 3

Therapeutic effects and uses

Answer 3

Hypertension, angina, and dysrhythmias

Dilated blood vessels and coronary arteries. Stabilizes certain types of abnormal heart rhythms.

Question 4

Mechanism of action

Answer 4

Inhibits the flow of calcium ions into both muscle cells and vascular smooth muscle cells

Question 5

Adverse effects

Answer 5

Peripheral vasodilation (flushed skin, headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, and peripheral edema)

Question 6

Contraindications

Answer 6

AV heart block, sick sinus syndrome, severe hypotension, or those undergoing intracranial surgery.
Be careful with patients that have heart failure, kidney, and liver probs.

Question 7

Drug interactions

Answer 7

Digoxin= elevates levels can cause bradycardia
Antihypertensive, ACE inhibitors, and beta-adrenergic blockers= additive hypotension
Buspirone = can triple plasma concentration
Statin= increases risk of myopathy
Alcohol= raises serum levels

Question 8

Herbal/food interactions

Answer 8

Grapefruit juice= increases verapamil levels
Hawthorn= additive hypotension
Calcium supplements= decrease CCBs effects

Question 9

Treatment of overdose

Answer 9

Vasopressors (dopamine or norepinephrine) to treat hypotension. atropine, levarterenol, or isoproterenol to treat bradycardia.
calcium salts to increase calcium