PSA revision

Question 1

aName some enzyme inducers

Answer 1

PC BRAS:

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Barbiturates
Rifampicin
Alcohol
Sulphonylureas

Question 2

Name some enzyme inhibitors

Answer 2

AO DEVICES

Allopurinol
Omeprazole
Disulfiram
Erythromycin
Valproate
Isoniazid
Ciprofloxacin
ethanol
Sulphonamides

Question 3

What medications are most likely to cause delirium

Answer 3

BDZs
Zopiclone
Opioids
Anticholinergics
Pregabalin
]Antipsychotics
Metoclopramide
Thiazide diruetics
Diuretics

Question 4

What defines insensible water loss

Answer 4

500-800ml

Question 5

What is the daily water requirement in an adult

Answer 5

25-30ml/kg/day of water

Question 6

How much sodium and potassium is required per kg/day

Answer 6

1mmol

Question 7

What are crystalloid fluids

Answer 7

Soultion of mineral salts

Question 8

How can we measure for hydration status

Answer 8

Weight

Question 9

Name a hypertonic solution

Answer 9

Mannitol (draws fluid out of cells)

Question 10

What is the first line IV fluid therapy for [atients who are dehydrated

Answer 10

0.9% Sodium Chloride 500ml over less than 15 minutes

Question 11

What is the second line IV fluid therapy for patients who are dehydrated

Answer 11

Human Albumin Solutino (colloid solution)

Question 12

What is the minimum urine output to aim for in fluid resuscitation

Answer 12

0/5 ml/kg/day

Question 13

If a patient loses 1500 ml of blood, what is the equivalent volume replacement with a colloid

Answer 13

1500 ml

Question 14

What are enteric coating drugs

Answer 14

Protects the drug from the stomach lining as it needs absorbing in the small intestines

Question 15

When should your variable rate insulin be stopped

Answer 15

Around 30-60 minutes after a meal

Question 16

At what eGFR is nitrofurantoin contraindicated

Answer 16

<45

Question 17

What antibiottic can cause heaptic jaundice

Answer 17

Clarithromycin

Question 18

By how much do we increase someone’s insulin dose

Answer 18

By 10-20%

Question 19

1mg = how many mL?

Answer 19

10mL

Question 20

How often do Digoxin levels need to be checked

Answer 20

Every 6 hours

Question 21

What side effect should be looked out for in a patient just started on warfarin

Answer 21

Easy bruising

Question 22

If the INR is greater than 8 with minor bleeding, how should warfarin doses be managed

Answer 22

Stop warfarin and give phytomenadione by slow IV injection

Question 23

When should warfarin doses be witheld

Answer 23

When INR is 5-8 and there is no bleeding

If there is bleeding, you must give phytomenadione

Question 24

Under what BNF guidelines can infor on heparin be found

Answer 24

Parenteral anticoagulants

Question 25

Under what BNF guidelines can info on Paracetamol overdoses be found

Answer 25

Poisoning emergency treatment

Question 26

Under what BNF guidelines can infor on steroid conversion be found

Answer 26

Glucocorticoid therapy

Question 27

Where can the vaccine schedule be found

Answer 27

Immunisation shcedule

Question 28

What is the limit at which Iv potassium can be given

Answer 28

10 mmol/hour (nothing more)

Question 29

In what two people should metoclopramide not be given in

Answer 29

Parkinson's Young Women

Question 30

What first line anti emetic is given for almost all cases

Answer 30

Cyclizine

Question 31

How fast should fluids be given

Answer 31

if 2L a day: 24/2 = 12 hourly if 3L a dau: 24/3 = 8 hourrly

Question 32

If Genamicin concentration falls in the 36 hour area, what should be done

Answer 32

The dose should be given every 36 hours

Question 33

If the gentamicin dose rests above the 48 hour area, what should be done

Answer 33

Repeat Gentamicin level and only re-dose once concentration is less than 1 mg/L

Question 34

First line management of a supra ventricular tachycardia (narrow complex)

Answer 34

Vagal manoeuvres

Question 35

If vagal manœuvrés fail to stop supraventricular tachycardies, what should be done next

Answer 35

IV Adenosine (6mg) Third line: 12mg Fourth Line: 18 mg Last line: Cardioversion

Question 36

First line management of broad complex tachycardia (>0.12 s)

Answer 36

Amiodarone

Question 37

Management of AF In the presence of heart failure

Answer 37

Digoxin

Question 38

Management of anaphylaxis

Answer 38

500mcg 1:1000 FIRST Then give chlorphenamine and Hydrocortisone IV

Question 39

what is the CURB-65 score and what do the scores indicate

Answer 39

Confusion Urea > 7 RR > 30 BP <90mmHg systolic 65 + 1 = At home treatment 2 = oral or IV antibiotics in the hospital 3 = ITU

Question 40

What should be given if PT/aPTT is over 1.5 times the normal range

Answer 40

Fresh Frozen Plasma

Question 41

What CHADSVASC score indicates anti platelet use in men

Answer 41

1

Question 42

What CHADSVASc score indicates a need for use in women

Answer 42

2

Question 43

Management of AF <48 hours onset

Answer 43

Cardioversion with flecanide AMiodarone if structural heart disease is present

Question 44

Management of AF > 48 hours

Answer 44

Rate control mono therapy

Question 45

At what Hba1c level should diabetic management be intensified

Answer 45

If levels remain over 58 mmol/mol

Question 46

First line management of COPD

Answer 46

SABA or SAMA

Question 47

Second line management of COPD

Answer 47

LABA + LAMA

Question 48

Third line management of COPD

Answer 48

LABA + LAMA + ICS

Question 49

Management of Crohn's disease flare

Answer 49

Prednisolone

Question 50

How do we retain remission in crohn's

Answer 50

Azathioprine

Question 51

What drug is contraindicated for use with the COCP

Answer 51

Carbamazepine (enzyme inducer)

Question 52

If a diabetic patient's glucose levels are raised in the evening, what insulin at what time of the day needs adjusting?

Answer 52

The morning dose

Question 53

Why would we pick Glucose 5% solution over 0.9% NaCl?

Answer 53

If the patient has received his daily intake of sodium and chloride from NaCl, better to use 5% glucose with 0.3% KCL (if daily intake has not been reached yet)