Psychology Social Approach Flashcards Preview

From Flashcardlet > Psychology Social Approach > Flashcards

Flashcards in Psychology Social Approach Deck (37)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Define Social Approach

A

Social psychology is the study of how our behavior is influenced by the presence, attitudes an actions of other people. Using psychological research methods, social psychologists investigate such things as: the effect of culture on our behavior, what happens when we join groups etc.

2
Q

Hypotheses

A

Specific testable predictions about what you expect to find after analyzing the data from your participants

3
Q

Define Obedience

A

Obedience is following an order given by a person with recognized authority over you.

4
Q

Milgram (63) aim

A

To establish a baseline measure of how obedience naive participants would be when ordered to administer increasingly intense electric shocks to an innocent victim

5
Q

Milgram number of volunteers

A

40

6
Q

Milgram sampling method and research method

A

Volunteer and Laboratory. Offered $4.00

7
Q

Milgram false aim

A

Told they would take part in a study on the effect of punishment on memory.

8
Q

Milgram learner script

A

Various points he complained of pain and went silent at 315v

9
Q

Milgram results

A

Every participant went to at least 300v, 14 stopped between 300 and 375 and the remaining 65% went all the way to 450v.

10
Q

Milgram follow up questionnaire

A

84% said they were glad or vary glad to have taken part, 74% claimed to have learn something of personal importance.

11
Q

Milgram variation

A

three-room office suite in a somewhat rundown commercial building located in the downtown shopping area. The laboratory was sparsely furnished, though clean, and marginally respectable in appearance. When subjects inquired about professional affiliations, they were informed only that we were a private firm conducting research for industry. paid $4.50 for coming to the laboratory. Found obedience dropped but was still high at 48%.

12
Q

Meeus and Raaijmakers (1985) aim

A

Test obedience where harm would be done in a more up to date way, which is less physical and more psychological.

13
Q

M + R false aim

A

Told that the job applicant was applying for a job which required him/her to work in stressful conditions

14
Q

M + R results

A

92% of participants obeyed, even though they thought it was unfair to do so.

15
Q

Agency Theory

A

Switch between the two opposing states. Human behavior evolved to include the tendency to obey.

16
Q

Autonomous state

A

When we use our own free will and take responsibility for our actions

17
Q

Agentic stste

A

When we act on behalf of another. We act in this state when we respond to legitimate authority.

18
Q

Agency Theory weakness

A

Not everyone obeys - 1 third of milgram’s participants refused to go all the way.

19
Q

Moral strain

A

Where we do something that goes against our principles but seems to be for the greater good.

20
Q

Prejudice

A

An attitude towards another person based on little or no knowledge about them

21
Q

Discrimination

A

Behavior towards another person based on prejudice.

22
Q

Social Identity Theory Stage 1

A

Social Categorization - Act of putting self and others into groups. Triggers stereotypical beliefs and forms your in-group and your out-groups.

23
Q

SIT Stage 2

A

Social identification -You absorb the culture of your in group, associate with groups values and norms and notice differences between yourself and your out group. Becomes an important part of how you view yourself.

24
Q

SIT stage 3

A

Social comparison -in order to boost self esteem you need your group to appear better than a chosen out group so you engineer this by making the out group look bad in comparison.

25
Q

Hofling (66) aim

A

To investigate nurse-physician relationship, specifically what happens when a nurse is ordered to carry out a procedure which goes against her professional standards.

26
Q

Hofling where and how many

A

Field study involving 3 hospitals in the Midwest US, one as a control. 22 nurses took part.

27
Q

Hofling number of participants given questionnaire

A

12 graduate nurses and 21 student nurses about what they would do if they were confronted with the situation.

28
Q

Hofling 4 stages of standardization

A

Nurse asked to give overdose of a drug, the medication order is given over the phone, the drug is unauthorized on the ward and the order is given by an unfamiliar voice.

29
Q

Hofling Questionnaire results

A

10 of 12 graduate nurses and all 21 students, said they would not have given the medication.

30
Q

Hofling experimental situation results

A

21 of the 22 nurses tested started to give the medication the calls were generally brief without any resistance.

31
Q

Hofling reliability

A

High - run 22 times and the procedure was the same throughout.

32
Q

Tajfel (1971) aim

A

To test whether the simple act of grouping was enough to produce prejudice between groups of very similar people.

33
Q

Tajfel basic procedure

A

Boys split into groups (Klee and Kandinsky) after fake art task. Asked to award scores which were tied together.

34
Q

Tajfel results

A

Boys typically awarded more points to members of their in group showing in group favoritism

35
Q

Tajfel variation of grid

A

Changed the grid so maximum points they could give to their in group meant the out group member got more. - could go for maximum in group profit, could go for maximum fairness (each team does well), could go for as many points as possible for all boys regardless of grouping - maximum joint profit. Could maximize difference in favor of in group.

36
Q

Tajfel results after variation

A

The majority opted to maximize the difference in favor of the in group.

37
Q

Tajfel support of validity

A

Locksley et al (1980) created explicitly random groups, removed force choice task and got them to divide poker chips between anonymous members. They also found strong in-group favoritism.

Decks in From Flashcardlet Class (66):