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Pharmacology > Pulmonary System Meds > Flashcards

Pulmonary System Meds Flashcards

1
Q

What do intranasal glucocorticoids do?

A

Decrease inflammation in the nose, treat allergic rhinitis

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2
Q

What drug class are fluticasone (Flonase) and triamcinolone (Nasacort)?

A

Intranasal glucocorticoids

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3
Q

diphenhydramine brand name

A

Benadryl

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4
Q

What effects do 1st gen antihistamines cause?

A

Anticholinergic, dry, can’t see/pee/spit/shit

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5
Q

What do you need to avoid when taking 1st gen antihistamine?

A

Alcohol and CNS depressants

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6
Q

One SE of 1st gen antihistamine is?

A

Drowsiness, so need to avoid driving

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7
Q

Difference between 2nd gen and 1st gen antihistamines?

A

2nd gen is less dry, and can be taken daily

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8
Q

Drug class of fexofenadine (Allegra) and loratadine (Claritin)

A

2nd gen antihistamine

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9
Q

Difference between what 1st and 2nd gen antihistamines treat?

A

1st gen: antitussive（镇咳）
2nd gen: urticaria (rash)

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10
Q

What to avoid when taking 2nd gen antihistamine?

A

Grapefruit juice

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11
Q

Drug class of oxymetazoline (Afrin) and pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

A

Decongestant

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12
Q

What do decongestants do?

A

Vasoconstriction in nose

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13
Q

What class of drug do you need to avoid

A

MAOIs

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14
Q

How many days can you use nasal spray for?

A

Less than 5 days

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15
Q

What drug class is guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)

A

Expectorant

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16
Q

What do expectorants do?

A

Thin secretions

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17
Q

Pt education of expectorant

A
  1. Take with food b/c GI upset
  2. Increase fluid b/c water is the best natural expectorant
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18
Q

What drug class is dextromethorphan (Delsym)?

A

Antitussives

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19
Q

How do antitussives work?

A

Block cough reflex to stop coughs

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20
Q

What can antitussives combine with to make it the most effective?

A

Combine with codeine, makes narcotic

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21
Q

What class of drug to avoid when taking antitussives?

A

Antidepressants (MAOI, SSRI)

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22
Q

Can you use antitussives for chronic coughs?

A

No

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23
Q

When is the best time to take antitussives?

A

Before bed, b/c can make you drowsy

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24
Q

Drug class of oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu)

A

Anti-influenza

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25
Drug class of zanamivir (Relenza)
Anti-influenza
26
What do anti-influenza drugs do?
Reduce the duration of flu, reduce symptoms, not cure
27
Best way to take anti-influenza drugs?
Take with food
28
What to watch for and report when taking anti-influenza drugs?
Report behavior changes b/c can cause seizure
29
Drug class of ribavirin (Virazole)
Antiviral
30
How to use ribavirin (Virazole)?
Continuous aerosol tx for 3-5 days
31
What is antiviral drugs used for?
Resp syncytial virus (RSV) in small infants and immunocompromised pt
32
Who do you need to educate for antiviral drugs?
Pt, workers and visitors, b/c serious side effects can occur with exposure
33
What drug class is epinephrine?
Bronchodilators
34
What do bronchodilators do?
Open up airways, bronchodilation
35
Drug class of fomoterol (Foradil)
Bronchodilators
36
Drug class of salmeterol (Serevent)
Bronchodilators
37
Beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators side effects
Fight or flight
38
Beta 2 adrenergic agonist uses
Used to open up large airways
39
Drug class of albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
Bronchodilators
40
What side effect does albuterol have?
Tremor
41
Drug class of metaproterenol (Alupent)
Bronchodilators
42
Anticholinergics uses in bronchodilator drug uses
Open up smaller airways, decrease bronchospasm
43
Drug class of ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
Anticholinergic bronchodilators
44
What is the drug with Atrovent combined with albuterol?
Duoneb
45
Drug class of tiotropium (Spiriva)
Anticholinergic bronchodilatos
46
Pt education of anticholinergic bronchodilators after taking med
Rinse mouth with water to prevent oral thrush
47
Drug class of methylxanthines (Xanthines)
Bronchodilators
48
Oral forms of Xanthines
1. aminophylline 2. theophylline
49
amiphylline and theophylline uses
Maintenance for chronic stable asthma
50
What is aminophylline and theophylline's narrow therapeutic range?
10-20 mcg/ml
51
Corticosteroids function
Decrease inflammation
52
Glucocorticoids function other than decrease inflammation
Suppress immune system
53
You can take glucocorticoids daily for what purpose
Prevent asthma attacks
54
Drug class of budesonide (Pulmicort)
Corticosteroids
55
Drug class of prednisone
Corticosteroids
56
Drug class of fluticasone (Flovent)
Corticosteroids
57
Oral glucocorticoids uses
Acute asthma
58
Methylprednisolone brand name
Solu-Medrol
59
Is glucocorticoids short term or long term?
Short term b/c suppress immune system
60
Proper way to discontinue glucocorticoids
Taper off
61
What drug class is Mast Cell Stabilizer under?
Corticosteroids
62
Whatbare mast cells?
Allergy cells
63
What do mast cell stabilizers do?
Prevent or decrease occurrence of asthma attacks
64
Do mast cell stabilizers help acute asthma attacks?
No
65
How long does it take for mast cell stabilizers to start working?
2-6 weeks
66
Drug class of cromolyn (Gastrocrom)
Mast cell stabilizer, corticosteroid
67
What does leukotriene receptor antagonists do?
Decrease inflammation, bronchodilation
68
How long does it take for leukotriene receptor antagonists to start working?
1 week
69
Most effective time to take leukotriene receptor antagonists is?
At night
70
Is leukotrien receptor antagonists routinely or PRN tx?
Rountinely
71
Drug class of zafirlukast (Accolate)
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
72
Drug class of montelukast (Singulair)
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
73
Adverse reaction of leukotriene receptor antagonists
Can cause suicidal thoughts and worsen depression
74
Mucolytics uses
Liquify thick lung secretions in cystic fibrosis
75
Drug class of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Mycolytics
76
Order of med admin for asthma
Beta 2 adrenergic bronchodilator (albuterol), anticholinergic bronchodilator (tiotropium), glucocorticoids (bydesonide), mast cell stabilizer (cromolyn)
77
Only deliver amount ordered for O2 b/c?
Can damage eyes
78
What are respiratory stimulants used for?
Pt with apnea, stimulate resp center in the brain
79
Drug class of caffeine citrate (Cafcit)
Respiratory stimulant
80
What is nicotine transdermal patch called?
Nicoderm
81
What is nicotine gum called
Nicorette
82
What is nicotine inhalation called
Nicotrol
83
What is nicotine Nas spray called
Nicotrol
84
What is varenicline (Chantix) used for
Smoking cessation
85
Which antidepressant can be used for smoking cessation?
bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutin, Zyban)

Pharmacology (25 decks)

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