Qs - Muscular System

Question 1

What term describes the sheet of thick connective tissue that surrounds the entirety of a skeletal muscle

Answer 1

Epimysium

Question 2

What neurotransmitter is release by somatic motor neurones where they synapse with skeletal muscle fibres

Answer 2

Acetylcholine

Question 3

Describe the synaptic transmission

Answer 3

AP arrives at presynaptic axon terminal

Synaptic vesicles fuse w. presynaptic membrane

NT released into synaptic cleft

Postsynaptic membrane becomes depolarised

AP propagated along muscle fibre

Question 4

Define a motor unit

Answer 4

A somatic motor neurone + all the muscle fibres it innervates

Question 5

Define complete tetanus

Answer 5

Sustained contraction caused by stimulation of a muscle over 90 times per sec where no ind. twitch contraction can be distinguished from another

Question 6

In which stage of a twitch contraction does crossbridge formation occur

Answer 6

Contraction period

Question 7

How many mol. of ATP are prod. by the catabolism of 1 creatine phosphate mol?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

What shape muscle is the deltoid?

Answer 8

Multipennate

Question 9

Fusiform muscles

Answer 9

Muscle that has a central muscle belly that converges at 1 or both ends to a tendon

Question 10

Fixator muscle

Answer 10

Muscle that holds the proximal end of another muscle in place

Question 11

Which superficial muscle of the back elevates the ribs

Answer 11

Serratus posterior superior

Question 12

what actions do the transversospinalis muscles perform?

Answer 12

Extension

Lateral flexion

Rotation

Question 13

What 3 muscles have partial insertions on the linea alba

Answer 13

Tranversus abdominis

Internal oblique

External oblique

Question 14

What muscle group acts to ⬆️ the size of the thorax by drawing the ribs upwards + outwards?

Answer 14

External intercostals

Question 15

Where does the latissimus dorsi insert onto

Answer 15

Humerus

Question 16

Where does the pectorals major insert onto

Answer 16

Humerus

Question 17

What action does the triceps brachii allow

Answer 17

Extension of the elbow

Adduction of the arm

Question 18

Which rotator cuff muscle serves to extend the shoulder + laterally rotate the arm>?

Answer 18

Infraspinatus

Question 19

What compartment are the muscles in that flex the knee

Answer 19

Posterior

Question 20

Which muscles act to extend the knee

Answer 20

Vastus medialis

Rectus femoris

Question 21

Which muscles form the calcaneal tendon?

Answer 21

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Question 22

Where is single unit smooth muscle found?

Answer 22

Walls of bv

Question 23

Features of cardiomyocytes

Answer 23

Branched

Linked by intercalated discs

Striated

Question 24

Gap junctions

Answer 24

Electrical junctions on intercalated discs that permit diffusion of ions from 1 cell to the next

Question 25

What is the name of the regulatory mol. found instead of troponin in smooth muscle

Answer 25

Calmodulin