Quantitative

Question 1

Simple Random Assignemnt

Answer 1

participants assigned at random, equal chance of any group

Question 2

Block random assignment

Answer 2

similar to simple random, assures an even number of participants in each group

Question 3

Stratified Random Assignment

Answer 3

participants divided into strata to ensure proportional representation of any important characteristics

Question 4

Allocation Concealment

Answer 4

The person who determine if a subject was eligible for inclusion in the trail was unaware of which group the subject would be allocated to when this decision was made

Question 5

Standard of Care group

Answer 5

group still receives the standard of care

Question 6

Participant blinding

Answer 6

participants were unable to discriminate whether they had or had not received the treatment

Question 7

Therapist Blinding

Answer 7

therapists were unable to discriminate which participants had or had not received the treatment

Question 8

Assessor blinding

Answer 8

assessors were unable to discriminate which participants had or had not received the treatment

Question 9

Pragmatic Clinical Trial

Answer 9

Has the following characteristics:
1. Minimal exclusion criteria
2. Looser restrictions on recruitment
3. Treatment is less rigidly controlled, better mimics actual clinical practice
4. Control group receives standard of care

Question 10

Pre-Test/Post Test Design

Answer 10

Given a pre test, then treatment (or control) and then given post test

Question 11

Post-Test Only

Answer 11

not given a pre-test beforehand, start with treatment or control, and then given post test.

Question 12

Factorial Design

Answer 12

More than 1 independent variable
testing to compare the factors together

Question 13

Crossover/Repeated Measures Design

Answer 13

each experimental unit is given each of the different treatment levels over the course of the experiment.

Washout Period: time between interventions that eliminates effect of intervention on outcome measure

Question 14

Quasi Experimental, Time Series Designs

Answer 14

One group Pre-Test/Post-Test
One group repeated measures
interrupted time series

Question 15

Quasi, Non Equivalent Group Designs

Answer 15

Non-Equivalent Pre-Test/Post-Test with Control Group
Non-Equivalent Post-Test only with Control group
Historical COntrol group

Question 16

One Group Pre-Test/Post-Test Design

Answer 16

Can be used when
1. Previous research has documented behavior of control group
2. time period is short enough to minimize effect of other variables

Question 17

Repeated Measures Design

Answer 17

Similar to one group pre-test/post-test, but multiple post tests administered
no control group

Question 18

Interrupted Time Series Design

Answer 18

multiple measurements both before and after treatment administered
multiple pre-tests help minimize time as a potential confounding variable

Question 19

Non-equivalent pre-test/post test with control group

Answer 19

Treatment and control groups, but no randomization
groups may already be intact or participants may choose their group

Question 20

Non Equivalent Post Test Only with Control Group

Answer 20

Same as non-equivalent pre-test/post test with control group, no pre-tests administered

Question 21

Historical Control Group

Answer 21

same as non-equivalent pre test/post test, but control group is from historical data collected at a previous time

Question 22

Single Subject Designs

Answer 22

group research can hide individual difference and generate results that do not represent the behavior of any individual

can also serve as pre-cursor to RCTs in order to better understand the effect of the treatment on the outcome

each participant receives a treatment and serves as their own control

Question 23

Single Subject Design Examples

Answer 23

ABA or ABAB Designs
Multiple Baseline
Multiple Treatment

Question 24

ABA or ABAB Designs

Answer 24

A is the baseline, B is the intervention

data collected at baseline, during intervention, after intervention is removed, and possibly again during intervention

Question 25

Multiple Treament Design

Answer 25

A = Baseline, B = Intervention 1, C=Intervention 2

Data collected at baseline, during intervention 1, after the intervention is removed, and again during intervention 2

Question 26

Observational Study Designs

Answer 26

Case-Control
Cohort

Question 27

Descriptive Study Designs

Answer 27

Cross Sectional
Case Series
Case Study

Question 28

Types of Experimental Designs

Answer 28

Pre-Test/Post Test
Post-Test Only
Factorial Design
Crossover