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Flashcards in Questions From Pritchard and Freeman Deck (45)
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1
Q

Where would you find Biohazards

A
Laboratories
Veterinary and pharmaceutical research
Medical schools
Commercial premises
Food research establishments
Hospitals
2
Q

What would you do if you suspect any biological hazard?

A

IC assertions whether there is a biohazard involved, checks MDT for premises information.
“BIOHAZARD SUSPECTED” message to control.
BA and GTS
Restrict access
Minimum personnel
Unprotected personnel and appliances to be upwind of the incident.
Consult HMEPO
Avoid using large quantities of water

3
Q

Who would provide additional help or support at an incident

A

HMEPO
FRU
Scientific advice service
CBRN team

4
Q

Where would you typically find asbestos

A
Ceiling and floor tiles
Insulation for boilers
Spray insulation
Brake linings
Gaskets in heating installations
Cement asbestos in sheeting
5
Q

If asbestos is suspected, what level of protection is required?

A

The IC will need to carry out a risk assessment to determine the level of PPE.
In non-fire situations, gas tight suits should be considered.

6
Q

How does asbestos affect the body?

A

Chronic, Lung disease

7
Q

What is the minimum distance between the hot zone and the cold/decontamination zone?

A

25m

8
Q

What information can be found on the EAC?

A

The EAC code (Emergency Action Code) notifies emergency services of the initial actions to be taken at an incident involving hazardous materials.
It tells you
1-what extinguishing media to use
2-what level of PPE
3-whether to contain or dilute the run off
4-whether it is a public safety hazard or not.

9
Q

What are the three steps of approaching CBRN (terrorist threat)

A

123PLUS

Step 1-single casualty- approach using normal operating procedures

Step 2- two casualties -Approach with caution, consider all possibilities, do not discount anything, report arrival and update to Brigade Control.

Step 3- three casualties - DO NOT go to the scene. Go to predetermined RVP, await further instructions

10
Q

What are the signs of a CBRN incident?

A

Dead or distressed people or animals
Multiple examples of skin or breathing irritation
Presence of hazardous materials
Unexplained smells or taste
Unexplained oily droplets on water
Withered plantlife on exterior of building or incident.

11
Q

What are the three steps for approaching a CBRN incident?

A

Response - first 3 hours

Recovery - following 3 hours

Restoration - on conclusion of the incident

12
Q

What does the pneumonic METHANE stand for?

A

It’s to aide correct messages to control.

Major incident? (Standby or declare)
Exact location
Type of incident
Hazards
Access and egress
Number of casualties
Emergency services.
13
Q

What are the LFB generic key roles of a CBRN event

A

To save life
To prevent/fight fire
Manage hazardous materials and protect the environment
Ensure the health and safety of all first responders
Safety management within the inner cordon

14
Q

What unit is radiation measured in?

A

Sieverts (Sv) HOWEVER, this unit is too large to accurately measure radiation for LFB practical use.

We measure in millisieverts and microsieverts

15
Q

What is the emergency exposure limit in the space of 12 months

A

20 mSv (millisieverts) per year with an additional dose of 13 mSv (millisieverts) for women

16
Q

What is the time distance shielding?

A

These are methods of controlling the amount of exposure to radiation.
MINIMUM TIME- MAXIMUM DISTANCE - MAXIMUM SHIELDING

  • The less time exposed to a radioactive source, the smaller the dose will be.
  • The intensity of radiation reduces the further away you are from the source.
  • Shielding is the prevention of penetration by using barriers (such as lead, steel and concrete).
17
Q

Where is radiation found?

A
Hospitals
Construction sites
Research and education establishments
Laboratories
Naval vessels
Marked vehicles
18
Q

What can indicate the first signs of radiation?

A

Prior knowledge or intelligence
Radioactivity warning placard
Caller stating that radioactive materials are present
EPD (electronic personal dosemeter) actuating
Survey meter showing a dose rate above background
Terrorist or malicious attacks

19
Q

Tue or false.

If radiation is suspected, use a jet.

A

False, spray or fog

20
Q

Describe the EPD alarm sound

A

Initial dose alarm: intermittent, double fast tone

Dose constraint alarm: continuous slow dual tone for 2minutes, followed by a beep every 30 seconds

Exceptional dose alarm: continuous single tone for 10 minutes, followed by a beep every 30 seconds

21
Q

When would you wet decontaminate?

A

When a firefighter/material/casualty has been subjected to caustic or biohazards or radiological hazards/material

22
Q

When decontaminating, what would HMEPO need to consider?

A
The type and scale of the incident
Weather and wind direction
Drainage
Slope of ground
Ease of access for oncoming vehicles
23
Q

How can exposure to HAZMATs occur?

A
Inhalation
Ingestion
Chemical or heat burns
Absorption
Injection
24
Q

What are the different types of radiation

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
X-ray

25
Q

What colour is an acetylene cylinder?

A

Maroon

26
Q

What are the signs of cylinder damage?

A

Plastic labels or rings melted
Blackened or blistered paintwork
Supply hose pipes damaged

27
Q

At what temperature does a steel cylinder lose its tensile strength?

A

300 degrees

28
Q

At what temperature does an aluminium cylinder lose its tensile strength?

A

200-250 degrees

29
Q

What is the distance that a steel cylinder may be thrown upon failure?

A

200m

30
Q

What is the most reliable way of identifying an acetylene cylinder?

A

The paper label attached to the collar of the cylinder.

It will be painted maroon.

It MAY have a reflective strip.

31
Q

Where might the location of premises storing cylinders be found?

A

On the ORD, available on the MDT

32
Q

When there are indications of cylinders involved in an incident, where should appliances park?

A

Where it would be protected should a cylinder fail

33
Q

What type of cylinder should be allowed to burn off before extinguishing the fire?

A

Composite cylinders.

This prevents a build up of unburnt gasses.

34
Q

What cylinder information should be gathered?

A

The type
It’s contents
Location
Amount of cylinders involved

35
Q

Acetylene cylinders which have been heated to 300 degrees and have not failed are at risk of ……….

A

Internal combustion

36
Q

How long must a acetylene cylinder be cooled for?

A

1 hour minimum

37
Q

How many times should the CAP be repeated in an hour?

A

4 times

38
Q

What is the maximum voltage that Electrical gloves are resistant to?

A

3300 volts

39
Q

At what voltage is low voltage classed?

A

Between 50 and 1000v AC

40
Q

At what voltage is high voltage classed?

A

Greater than 1000v AC

41
Q

What is the likely voltage supplied to domestic properties?

A

240v

42
Q

What is the likely voltage supplied to commercial properties?

A

415v

43
Q

What hazards must be considered when dealing with fires involving solar panels?

A

Electrocution

Hazardous chemicals

The weight of solar panels

Falling objects

44
Q

List the pollution control heirarchy

A

Contain:
At source

Close to the source

On the surface

In the drainage system

On or in the water course

45
Q

What is a controlled burn?

A

The action of not applying firefighting media, to prevent water pollution and reduce air pollution.