Quiz 5

Question 1

1. Schwann cells
Select one:
a. insulate axons with a myelin sheath 
b. clean up cellular debris
c. can be black or white
d. synthesise neurotransmitters
e. supply growth factors to nerve cells

Answer 1

a. insulate axons with a myelin sheath

Question 2

2. Which of the following energy sources gets used up first during exercise?
Select one:
a. glucose
b. creatine phosphate
c. lactate
d. ADP
e. adenosine triphosphate

Answer 2

e. adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 3

3. Which of the following senses is not dependent on cilia or microvilli?
Select one:
a. balance/equilibrium
b. taste
c. smell
d. hearing
e. touch

Answer 3

e. touch

Question 4

4. Which of the following is NOT true with regard to the myelin sheath?
   Select one:
   a. it decreases the speed of nerve transmission
   b. it is formed by Schwann cells (oligodendrocytes)
   c. myelin is mainly composed of lipids
   d. it insulates axons
   e. it degenerates in multiple sclerosis

Answer 4

a. it decreases the speed of nerve transmission

Question 5

5. Damage to Brocas area of the brain could cause problems in
Select one:
a. smell
b. speech 
c. vision
d. taste
e. hearing

Answer 5

b. speech

Question 6

6. Nerve endings that detect damaged cells after injury, and signal pain to the brain are:
Select one:
a. neurotransmitters
b. chemoreceptors 
c. proprioceptors
d. osmoreceptors
e. stereocilia

Answer 6

b. chemoreceptors

Question 7

7. The primary functions of the spinal cord are
   Select one:
   a. controlling muscle activity and maintaining balance
   b. to protect the nerves and support the back
   c. reflex actions and communication between the brain and spinal nerves
   d. production of stress hormones and adrenaline
   e. memory and intelligence

Answer 7

c. reflect actions and communication between the brain and the spinal nerves

Question 8

8. Which of these processes does not use ATP?
   Select one:
   a. cooling your fevered brow by sweating because you do not know the answer
   b. writing the answer on the answer sheet
   c. pumping blood to your brain to answer this question
   d. thinking about the answer to this question
   e. using your eyes to look at this question

Answer 8

a. cooling your fevered brow by sweating because you do not know the answer

sweating (when it evaporates) doesn’t use energy

Question 9

9.  What connects bones to other bones?
Select one:
a. ligaments 
b. cartilage
c. tendons
d. connecting tissue
e. muscles

Answer 9

a. ligaments

Question 10

10. Which organ excretes water, salt, some urea and helps cool the body?
Select one:
a. skin 
b. bladder
c. urethra
d. kidney
e. lungs

Answer 10

a. skin

Question 11

11. The structure that connects, and enhances communication between the two hemispheres of the brain is called the:
Select one:
a. synapse
b. corpus callosum
c. spinal cord
d. cerebellum
e. hypothalamus

Answer 11

b. corpus callosum

Question 12

12. Which of the following is NOT in the correct order of size?
    Select one:
    a. oxygen, red blood cell, capillary, alveolus, lung
    b. erythrocyte, capillary, arteriole, aorta, heart
    c. neurotransmitter, synapse, axon, neuron, nerve
    d. urea , glomerular capsule, nephron, medulla, kidney
    e. glucose, glycogen, epithelial cell, microvilli, small intestine

Answer 12

e. glucose, glycogen, epithelial cell, microvilli, small intestine

Question 13

13. Steroid hormones are lipids. This means that they
    Select one:
    a. can easily cross the plasma membrane
    b. can only be injected to have an effect
    c. must alter receptors on the cell membrane to have an effect
    d. are transported in lymphatic vessels
    e. can only be composed of fatty acids

Answer 13

a. easily cross the plasma membrane

Question 14

14. Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland?
Select one:
a. pancreas
b. pituitary gland
c. adrenal glands
d. thyroid gland
e. salivary glands

Answer 14

e. salivary glands

Question 15

15. Which is an incorrect cause of the listed condition?
    Select one:
    a. diabetes pancreas produces too much insulin
    b. cretinism insufficient iodine in diet prevents thyroxine production
    c. acromegaly overproduction of growth hormone in an adult
    d. Cushing syndrome overproduction of hormones by the adrenal cortex Incorrect
    e. pituitary dwarf underproduction of growth hormone in childhood

Answer 15

a. diabetes pancreas produces too much insulin

–> in diabetes the pancreas does not produce ENOUGH insulin