Rabbit Flashcards
1
Q
What is the rabbit scientific name?
A
Oryctolagus cuniculus
2
Q
What order are rabbits in?
A
Lagomorpha
3
Q
Hares are in what genus?
A
Lepus
4
Q
Cottontails are in what genus?
A
Sylvilagus
5
Q
Can different orders of rabbits interbreed?
A
No
6
Q
Dutch belted/banded rabbits have what color coat?
A
white coat with a black or brown belt around the abdomen, and dark eyes
7
Q
What is the harlequin color coat?
A
Broken, white base coat with any pattern of other color
8
Q
American Rabbit Breeders Association recognizes how many breeds?
A
50
9
Q
What are the most popular rabbit breeds?
A
New Zealand White (NZW), American Dutch, Californian, Flemish Giant
10
Q
What is the most popular rabbit breed for research?
A
New Zealand White
11
Q
Which rabbit breeds are used for meat?
A
NZW, Flemish Giant, Californian, American Checkered Giant
12
Q
What is the average weight of NZW rabbits?
A
6.6-11+lb
13
Q
What is the average weight of American Dutch rabbits?
A
2-4 lb
14
Q
How can you tell the difference between a NZW and a Californian?
A
Californians have dark ears, nose and feet
15
Q
What is the average size of the Flemish Giant?
A
14.3-19.8lb
16
Q
What are some pet and show breeds of rabbits?
A
American chinchilla, satin, rex, silver martin, american checkered giant, polish, lop
17
Q
What is the average size of the Californian?
A
13 lb
18
Q
What kind of antibodies do rabbits produce?
A
Polyclonal antibodies
19
Q
What is an adult male rabbit called?
A
Buck
20
Q
What is an adult female rabbit called?
A
Doe
21
Q
What is the average birthweight of a rabbit kit?
A
30-90 g
22
Q
When do male rabbits reach sexual maturity?
A
22-52 weeks
23
Q
When do female rabbits reach sexual maturity?
A
22-52 weeks
24
Q
What is the breeding life of the male and female rabbit?
A
Male: 5-6 years months
Female: 2-3 years
25
What kind of estrus cycle do female rabbits go through?
Induced ovulator
26
What is the rabbit litter size?
4-12
27
What is the rabbit gestation length?
29-35 days
28
How much of the body weight is the skeleton of the rabbit?
7-8%
29
Which vertebrae can rabbits fracture?
Lumbar
30
What do rabbits commonly do when in pain?
Grind teeth
31
Where are peg teeth in rabbits?
Directly behind the incisors with unknown
32
What are the 2 lymphoid organs associated with the rabbit GI system? How much of the total lymphoid tissue do they contain?
Sacculus rotundus, appendix/veriform process
| 50% of lymphoid tissue
33
Esophagus has how many striated muscle layers?
3
34
What are the 2 types of feces of rabbits?
Firm, dry daytime pellets and soft moist nighttime pellets called cecotrophs
35
What do cecotrophs contain?
high water content, nitrogen, electrolytes and B vitamins, Volatile Fatty Acids
36
Healthy rabbits never have:
an empty stomach
37
Trichobezoars are an indicator of what?
Intestinal motility problems
38
Each rabbit eye has how many degrees of vision?
190
39
What is the primary means of temperature regulation in rabbits?
Ears
40
The right AV valve of rabbits is:
Bicuspid, tricuspid in other animals
41
Towel wrapping a rabbit for a long time can result in:
Heatstroke
42
Rabbits are prone to what during intubation?
Laryngospasm
43
What are the visual genital differences between male and female rabbits?
Females have a slit-like opening, males have a rounded urethral opening
44
How do rabbit kits get their immunity?
The placenta
45
When do rabbit kits wean?
4-6 weeks
46
What is the rabbit chromosome number?
44
47
What kind of uterus does female rabbits have?
Duplex uterus, each uterine horn has its own cervix
48
Do male rabbits have nipples?
No
49
What is giving birth to rabbit kits called?
Kindling
50
Breeding colonies of rabbits consist of:
1 buck to 10-20 does
51
Ovulation occurs approximately when after mating in rabbits?
10 hours
52
What is the predominant leukocyte in rabbits?
Lymphocyte
53
Rabbit neutrophils look similar to what? How can they be distinguished?
Eosinophils (aka heterophils)
| True eosinophils are larger, darker granules
54
Basophils are most common in which animal than other mammals?
Rabbits
55
Serum calcium in rabbits can fluctuate and be as high as:
15mg/dL
56
What is the ph of rabbit urine?
7.5-9
57
Why does rabbit urine appear cloudy?
High quantities of triple phosphate and Ca carbonate crystals
58
What is the ideal temperature for rabbits?
55-72
59
Commercial rabbit food should have how much fiber?
15% protein and at least 18% fiber
60
High fiber in rabbits helps reduce:
Trichobezoars and obesity
61
Too many supplements in rabbits can cause what?
Diarrhea
62
How should a rabbit be restrained?
Scruff while supporting the hind legs, or a football hold
63
How can you hypnotize a rabbit?
Put in dorsal in a v trough and repeatedly gently stroke the abdomen
64
What are the 2 sites for large amount of blood collection in rabbits?
Auricular artery and jugular vein
65
How much blood can you get from a rabbit?
40-80 ml
66
What is the max you can put in a rabbit muscle?
1.5 ml
67
How long should food be withheld from rabbits before sx to get an accurate body weight?
2-6 hours
68
Because the enzyme atropine esterase is present in many rabbits, what other anticholinergic should be used?
Glycopyrrolate
69
How is depth of anesthesia in rabbits best determined?
Breathing rate and degree of jaw tone
70
What are the 2 most common pain meds postop for rabbits?
Butorphenol and buprenorphine
71
What is the most common disease of rabbits?
Pasteurellosis, commonly called snuffles
72
Cilia Associated Respiratory (CAR) in rabbits is caused by what bacteria?
Helicobacter spp
73
What are the 4 common enteric diseases of rabbits?
Coccidiosis, Enterotoxemia, Tyzzer's disease, Salmonellosis
74
What bacteria causes enterotoxemia in rabbits?
Clostridia spp
75
Necrobacillosis or Schmorl’s disease is caused by what bacteria?
F. necrophorum
76
Pseudotuberculosis is caused by what bacteria?
Y. pseudotuberculosis
77
Venereal spriochetosis – rabbit syphilis, is caused by what? How is it transmitted?
Spirochetes, transmitted by direct contact
78
Treponematosis, aka vent disease or spirochetosis in rabbits is caused by what? How is it transmitted and treated?
spirochete Treponema cuniculi
Transmitted venereally and transplacentally
Treated with penicillin, high fiber diet and anti-diarrheal meds
79
The myxomavirus's natural host is what, and how is it transmitted?
Cottontails
| Transmitted by mosquitoes
80
Myxomavirus is a poxvirus that causes:
Myxomatosis
81
Papillomatosis (oral and cutaneous) is caused by what?
Papovirus
82
Rotavirus in rabbits causes what?
Enteritis
83
Coronavirus causes what in rabbits?
Cardiomyopathy
84
What mange mites can infect rabbits?
Notoedres cati and Sarcoptes scabiei
85
What external parasites can rabbits get?
Ear mites, fur mites, mange mites, fleas, cuterebra
86
Are pinworms pathogenic to rabbits?
No
87
What tapeworm infects rabbits?
Cittotaenia ctenoides
88
The Protozoa – Encephalitozoon cuniculi can cause what in rabbits?
Brain lesions
89
What are the 2 forms of coccidiosis in rabbits?
Intestinal (Eimeria MPMI) and hepatic (Eimeria S.)
90
What are common neoplasias of rabbits?
Uterine adenocarcinoma, lymphosarcoma, bile duct adenomas, prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas, embryonal nephromas
91
Buphthalmia and glaucoma is common in which rabbit breed?
NZW
92
Vitamin E deficiency can cause what in rabbits?
Muscle atrophy
93
Splay leg in rabbits is caused by what?
Inherited recessive trait
94
What are signs of lack of enrichment in rabbits?
Head swaying/weaving, head pressing, obsession with pawing/digging at cage floor or food bowl, circling, sitting with head lowered, excessive fur plucking, bar chewing and drinking.
95
What is the diastema?
Space between incisors and premolars, devoid of canine teeth
96
What can cause arteriosclerosis in rabbits?
Calcium imbalance or Vitamin D excess
97
Why shouldn't rabbits be fed large amounts of alfalfa hay?
Alfalfa hay has higher calcium and can increase urinary calcium that can cause urolithiasis and excessive urinary sludge.
98
What is the best housing for rabbits?
Half wire half solid floor.
99
How can a rabbit owner increased the nutritional content of the diet?
Feed a variety of hay types, mostly timothy hay
100
What can feeding fresh greens and fruits to rabbits cause? What can rabbits graze on?
Starch overload, cecal pH extremes, enteric diseases
| Can graze on clover or dandelion
101
What happens if rabbit kits are fed milk that's not from a rabbit?
They fail to form an antimicrobial fatty acid called milk oil that helps develop colostral antibodies within the intestines.
102
What antibiotics can cause clostridium/bacterial enterotoxemia in rabbits?
Gram +, beta lactam, lincosamides, clindamycin, lincomycin, erythromycin. NO ORAL PENICILLIN. AKA PLACE
103
What is a safer way to give antibiotics to rabbits?
Injection
104
What are signs of enterotoxemia?
Anorexia, diarrhea, wasting
105
What can cause ileus in rabbits?
Environmental changes, stress, malocclusion, excessive high-energy low fiber diet, trichobezoar.
106
What is treatment for ileus?
Rehydrating stomach, maintain hydration, stimulate motility, assisted feeding, commercial critical care diet for herbivores, abdominal massage, appetite stimulants. Syringe feed to avoid clogging of feeding tubes.
107
What pain med can cause ileus in rabbits?
Buprenorphine
108
What 2 drugs can help with GI motility in rabbits?
Cisapride, ranitidine and metoclopramide
109
Trichobezoars are not always:
Pathogenic, can be an incidental finding
110
Ear mites infections or ear cankers are called:
Otoacariasis
111
Moist dermatits, slobbers or blue fur disease is caused by what? What causes the blue fur?
Malocclusion or continual moistening of the fur by drinking from a water bowl, urine/diarrhea scald.
Pseudomonas bacteria causes the blue fur.
112
Necrobacillosis aka Schmorl's disease, is what?
Syndrome commonly refering to dermatitis of the face and neck area caused by excessive salivation due to dental disease.
113
What are zoonotic diseases/parasites of rabbits?
Ringworm, fur mite, burrowing sarcoptic mite (walking dandruff), leptospirosis, tularemia, salmonellosis, rabies
114
What is the most common anesthetic used in rabbits?
Ketamine and Xylazine/Dexmedetomidine (latter maintains cardio parameters better than xylazine)
115
If you put an ecollar on a rabbit, that prevents them from getting what important nutrient?
B vitamins from cecotrophs
116
What is the best analgesia for rabbits?
Combo of NSAIDS and opioids
117
Rabbits slow to recover from anesthesia should be turned every:
30-60 minutes to prevent hypostatic lung congestion, and should be given warmed fluids
118
Tularemia bacterium is carried by what?
Ticks and fleas
119
How do rabbits die from ileus?
Water is absorbed into the colon and causes dehydration, gas builds up from the fermentation causing pain, reduced energy from lack of food absorption leads to hepatic lipidosis.
120
What does the stool from rabbits with ileus look like? How will the stomach feel?
Small, dark irregular pellets.
| Stomach will feel doughy, firm and maybe bloated
121
Why should lawn clippings be avoided?
They ferment rapidly and can cause bloat and ileus
122
How many injections can rabbits tolerate of Penicillin?
Once a week
123
When is the best time to check for pinworms?
At night
124
How many times a day do rabbit kits nurse?
Once
125
Female rabbits have what kind of uterus?
Duplex
126
What is the most common tumor of the reproductive tract of the female rabbit?
Adenocarcinoma
127
Rabbit syphilis is caused by what?
Treponema spp
128
The rabbit tricuspid valve has how many leaflets?
2, it's bicuspid
129
Where is the majority of lymph tissue in the rabbit?
GIT
130
Rabbit neutrophils can be confused with what?
Eosinophils
131
What is the large centrally located ear vessel in the rabbit?
Auricular artery
132
Pododermatitis is caused by what in rabbits?
Highly alkaline urine
