Random Review METABOLIC/ENDOCRINE Flashcards
Clinical presentation of hyperthyroidism
- AKA Graves’ disease
- Hyperactive thyroid = elevated metabolism
- increased HR, fatigue, weight loss, heat intolerance, irritability/anxiety and muscle atrophy
With hyperthyroidism, the thyroid produces large amounts of what?
Thyroxine, which suppresses thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion from the anterior pituitary through negative feedback inhibition
Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone
- AKA Cushing’s disease
- hypertension, mental changes, weight gain, increased hair growth
Exercise prescription for patients with diabetes
- Avoid exercise during peak insulin times
- exercise regularly and consistently (i.e. same time)
Blood glucose levels that cause caution for exercise
Blood glucose <100 mg/dL
Blood glucose >250 mg/dL
T-score for osteoporosis
-2.5 or lower
T-score for osteopenia
-1 – -2.5
T-score for normal bone mass
-1.0 or higher
Afebrile
no fever present
Clinical signs of sepsis
- fever
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
Typical symptom of gout
- monoarticular arthritis w/ redness and swelling; - affects mostly 40-50 year olds and men
Clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia
- Pallor
- Shallow respiration
- Tachycardia
Signs of ketoacidosis
- increased respiration rate
- Muscle cramping
- irregular heart rate
- increased fatty acid metabolism resulting in acetone breath
In patient’s with diabetes, how often should they replenish glucose during physical activity?
a snack is recommended for every 30 minutes of activity
DM has a fasting glucose level of __?
> /= 126 mg/dL
Blood glucose level that puts patient at risk for ketoacidosis
300+
A normal A1C level is __?
below 5.7%
Prediabetic A1C level is __?
level of 5.7% to 6.4%
Diabetic A1C level is __?
6.5% or more
Hypoglycemia is marked by…
pallor and shakiness but not usually by excessive thirst
What impact does history of cancer have on using modalities?
Contraindicates heat, ultrasound, and use of e-stim
Common effects of antipsychotic medications
- Tardive dyskinesia
- Hypotension
Tardive dyskinesia
- Involuntary rhythmic movements of the mouth, tongue, jaw, trunk, or extremities
- Caused by disuse supersensitivity of the dopamine system (antipsychotic drugs often block dopamine receptors)
Function of sebaceous glands
Secrete sebum for skin and hair lubrication
