Rapid review Flashcards by Adam Gardner

abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

Budd Chiari syndrome (post hepatic venothrombosis)

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achilles xanthoma

familial hypercholesterolemia (AD, less LDL receptors)

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back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss

Pott disease (vertebral TB)

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bilateral hilar adenopathy

sarcoidosis (caseating granulomas)

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blue sclera

osteogenesis imperfecta (collagen type I)

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bluish line on gingiva

burton line (lead poisoning)

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bone pain, enlargement, arthritis

pagets disease of bone (increased osteoblast and osteoclast, increased alkphos only)

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bounding pulses, head bobbing

aortic regurge

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cafe-au-lair spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities

McCune Albright sydrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)

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cherry red spots on macula

Tay Sachs or Neimann Pick

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friction rub following MI

Dresslers (autoimmune pericarditis)

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child use arms to stand up

Gowers sign, muscular dystrophy

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post fever head to body rash

parvo B19, erythema infectiosum

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chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria

McArdle, muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency

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conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

internuclear opthalmoplegia, damage to MLF, unilateral in stroke, bilateral in MS

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cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

pretibial myxedema, Graves/hypothyroidism

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dark purple mouth nodules in AIDS

kaposi sarcoma

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deep, labored breathing, hyperventilation

DKA, Kussmaul breathing

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dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

pallagra, niacin (B3) deficiency

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dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism

wet beriberi, thiamine deficiency (B1)

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dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

sjogrens

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dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency

plummer vinson syndrome, can progress to squamous cell carcinoma

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erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, atypical T cells

mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma), or Sezary syndrome (mycosis fungoides + malignant T cells in blood)

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facial muscle spasm upon tapping

chvostek sign (hypocalcemia)

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4 Fs

cholelithiasis

fevers, chills, headache, myalgia following syphilis treatment

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (toxin released from spirochetes)

fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

measles

fever night sweats, weight loss

B symptoms, lymphoma

fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis

peyronies disease (connective tissue disorder)

gout, intellectual disability, self-mutilating behavior in boy

Lesch-Nehan (HGPRT deficiency, x-recessive)

green-yellow rings peripheral cornea

kayser Fleischer rings, wilsons disease, copper build up

hamartomatous GI polyps, hyper pigmentation of hands/mouth/feet

Peutz-Jaegers syndrome, inherited BENIGN polyposis, increased risk for cancer

HSM, osteoporosis, neuro symptoms

Gaucher, glucocerebrosidase deficiency

nephritis, hearing loss, cataracts

alport (collagen type 4)

hyperorality (oral fixation), docile, sexual, hyperphagia

kluver bucy (bilateral amygdala)

hyperreflex, hypertonia, babinsky positive

UMN lesion

hyporeflex, hypotonia, atrophy, fasciculations

LMN lesion

hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

blue bloater, chronic bronchitis: hyperplasia of mucous cells

indurated, ulcerated genital lesion, two types

painless - syphilus, treponema pallidum | painful - canchroid, hemophilus ducreyi

failure to thrive, HSM, neurodegeneration

niemann pick

infant hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly

cori - debranching enzyme deficiency | von gierke - glucose-6-phosphatase deficient, more serious

jaundice, palpable non-tender gallbladder

courvoisier sign (distal biliary obstruction)

lucid interval after TBI

epidural hematoma (MMA rupture)

male, recurrent infections, no mature B cells

Brutons, x-linked agammaglobulinema

mucosal bleeding, prolonged bleeding time

glanzmann thrombasthenia (platelet aggregation problem due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa

muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, hypotension

beck's triad of cardiac tamponade

colon polyps, osteomas, soft tissue tumors, impacted supernumerary teeth

Gardner syndrome (subset of FAP)

infantile cardiomegaly, exercise intolerance

Pompe disease (lysosomal 1,4 glucosidase deficiency)

neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth

Erb-Duchenne palsy (brachial plexus C5-C6)

no lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance

sheehan syndrome (pituitary infarction)

nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear opthalmoplegia

oscillating slow fast breathing

cheyne stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or increased intracranial pressure)

painful blue fingers and toes, hemolytic anemia

cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae or infectious mono)

painful, raised, red lesions on fingers and toes

oslers nodes, infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition

painless red lesions on palms and soles

janeway lesions, infective endocarditis, septic emboli

painless jaundice

cancer of pancreatic head obstructing bile duct

palpable purpura, joint pain, abdominal pain, hematuria

henoch-schonlein (IgA vasculitis)

periorbital/peripheral edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia

nephrotic syndrome

pink, dyspnea, hyperventilation

pink puffer, emphysema, a1-antitrypsin deficiency

polyuria, RTA type II, growth failure, electrolyte imbalance, hypophosphatemic rickets

Fanconi syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)

ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis (what is anhidrosis?)

Horner syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)

pupil accommodates (near) but doesn't react (light)

highly specific for neurosyphilis (partial EWF nucleus lesion)

rash on palms and soles (3 possibilities)

- coxsackie A, HFM - secondary syphilis - rock mountain spotted fever

recurrent colds, unusual eczema, high serum IgE

Job syndrome (hyper IgE, neutrophil chemotaxis deficiency)

red currant jelly sputum

klebsiella

red currant jelly stool

mesenteric ischemia, intussusception

red itchy swollen nipple

pagets disease of the breast, underlying cancer

red urine in the morning, fragile RBCs

paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

retinal hemorrhage with pale center

roth spots, bacterial endocarditis

pain in RLQ when LLQ palpated

Rovsings

rebound tenderness on RLQ

McBurney's

short stature, tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia

Fanconi's (genetic loss of DNA cross link repair ---> AML)

single palmer crease

Down Syndrome

situs inversus, sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility

Kartagener syndrome (dynein arm defect affecting cilia)

hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue

Addison disease (adrenocortico insufficiency, increased ACTH and a-MSH)

slow progressive muscle weakness in boys

Becker muscular dystrophy (x-linked missense mutation in dystrophin gene, less severe than duchenne)

red spots with blue-white centers on buccal mucosa

Koplik spots of measles, rubeola

smooth, flat, white, painless lesions on genitals

condylomata lata of secondary syphilis

splinter hemorrhages on fingernails

endocarditis

strawberry tonge

kawasaki, toxic shock, scarlet fever

streak ovaries, congenital heart defect, horseshoe kidney, webbed neck, short stature, shield chest, cystic hygroma at birth

Turner (45XO)

swollen gums, oral bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae

scurvy (vitamin C deficiency, can't hydroxylate proline and lysine for collagen formation)

thyroid, parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma

MEN 2A (ret)

thyroid, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis

MEN 2B (ret)

urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis

reactive arthritis (HLA-B27)

vascular birth mark, port wine stain

associated with Sturg Weber syndrome

weight loss, diarrhea, fever, arthritis, adenopathy

Whipple's

worst headache of life

subarachnoid

Rapid review Flashcards

(88 cards)