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GCSE Chemistry > Reactivity & Redox > Flashcards

Flashcards in Reactivity & Redox Deck (18)
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1
Q

What is an oxidising agent?

A

The chemical that causes erosion

2
Q

Wha is the reducing agent?

A

The chemical that causes the other chemical to be reduced

3
Q

What is the word equation for rust?

A

Iron + oxygen + water -> hydrated iron (III) oxide

4
Q

What are the two main ways of preventing rusting?

A

Barrier methods and sacrificial method

5
Q

Give two examples of barrier methods

A
  1. Painting/Coaitng with plastic

2. Oiling/ Greasing

6
Q

Give two examples of sacrificial protection

A
  1. Coating the object in zinc - galvanising

2. Attaching a zinc block to the iron

7
Q

What are the three raw materials involved in the blast furnace?

A

Iron ore, Coke, limestone

8
Q

What is the equation for when calcium oxide reacts with the sand to form slag?

A

CaO + SiO2 -> CaSiO3

9
Q

Give a use for slag

A

Road building or fetiliser

10
Q

Acid + metal -> ?

A

Salt + hydrogen

11
Q

What is the process used for extraction of aluminium?

A

Electrolysis

12
Q

What is the ore that aluminium is extracted from called?

A

Bauxite

13
Q

Why is molten cryolite used?

A

To lower the temperature and to lower the cost

14
Q

How is molten cryolite used?

A

Aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite. This brings the temperature down to 900*c which makes it much cheaper and easier.

15
Q

Describe how electrolysis is used to extract aluminium

A

The positive Al3+ ions are attracted to the cathode where they pick up electrons an they turn into aluminium atoms and sink to the bottom. The negative O2- ions are attracted to the anode where they lose electrons. The oxygen atoms then react with each other to form 02 or with the carbon anode to form CO2

16
Q

Why does the positive carbon anode often need replacing?

A

Because it constantly gets worn down from reacting with oxygen

17
Q

Give three uses of iron

A
  • Stainless steel ~ knives and forks
  • Wrought iron ~ ornamental gates and railings
  • Steel (alloy of iron) ~ car bodies
18
Q

Give three uses of aluminium

A
  • Drink cans
  • Bicycle frames
  • Aeroplanes