Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Geography U2 H > Rebranding > Flashcards

Rebranding Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Definition of Rebranding

A

The way or ways in which a place is re-developed and marketed so that it gains a new identity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 examples of rebranding

A

Canary Wharf, Cabot Circus, Sprite can design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why do places need to rebrand?

A

Economic change - the decline in primary and secondary industries and the growth of tertiary industries, particularly tourism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a post-industrial economy?

A

An economy which has passed the manufacturing stage and is mostly tertiary and quaternary sector based

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are knowledge industries?

A

Using expertise in design, process, IT and consultancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are footloose industries?

A

Decisions about where to locate are often made on preference, quality of environment and financial incentives
Can go anywhere!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a negative multiplier effect?

A

One negative thing leading to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the need for rebranding, spiral of decline?

A

Important industry closing > secondary sector jobs lost > unemployment rises > saving instead of spending > tertiary businesses go into administration > tertiary sector jobs lost > decline of housing and environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many jobs did Bristol Harbourside lose in 1971-81?

A

23,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why were the jobs at Bristol Harbourside lost?

A

Ships couldn’t fit around the meander due to the size of them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where were the docks relocated after the jobs were lost?

A

Avonmouth, royal portbury docks- 5 miles away where ships were less affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Social reasons why Cornwall needed to rebrand

A

The cornish language had been no longer spoken
Migration to mines in Capetown and Australia (socioeconomic)
Locals couldn’t afford houses so had to move elsewhere (socioeconomic)
English people are buying second homes (socioeconomic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Economic reasons why Cornwall needed to rebrand

A

Mines had shut down
Spanish fish in cornish seas
(Others on social)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Environmental reasons why Cornwall needed to rebrand

A

Agriculture was poor due to bad soil

Spanish fish in cornish seas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many percent of China Clay jobs were lost in the last 30 years in Cornwall? Why?

A

75%, machinery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many tin mines are still open in Cornwall?

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many people are employed in the tin and copper industry?

A

100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many percentage decrease in fishing industry?

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many percent above the national average is unemployment?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many areas in Cornwall are the most deprived?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How much more expensive are houses in Cornwall compared to the average house?

A

£6000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many percentage below the national average are wages?

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Advantages of the periphery

A

Cheaper to live in
Lower traffic levels
Peaceful
Low levels of pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Disadvantages of the periphery

A

Poor transport/infrastructure
Inaccessible ^
Have to commute to work
Young people leave for jobs/university - brain drain
Businesses shut down due to locals leaving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Advantages of the core
Produces 75% of the UK's goods and services Has highest wages/levels of investment Densest transport infrastructure
26
Disadvantages of the core
Extremely high prices for housing High crime rates - potentially High levels of pollution
27
What is post-production countryside?
How the countryside should be used if farming declines even more
28
What is the cycle of deprivation?
Older people move > no cash = low spending > reduces taxes > fewer businesses > young people leave > lack of high salaries
29
Why have primary industries declined?
EU decisions (reduced farming subsidies) and overseas competition
30
What year did the Eden Project open?
2001
31
How many children in schools have visited the Eden Project?
Over 500,000
32
How many visitors does the Eden Project have in total?
15 million
33
How many people took part in their big lunch in 2012?
8.5 million people
34
What do the structures in the Eden Project represent?
Different types of biomes
35
Why does the Eden Project have a grass roof?
To slow down the run off and prevent flooding
36
Social benefits of the Eden Project
Attracted 7,000 visitors to its opening in 2001 UK's third most visited attraction Generated jobs - 400 full time staff
37
Social costs of the Eden Project
Noise disruption while building | Farmers were not happy due to the foot-and-mouth crisis
38
Economic benefits of the Eden Project
Average spend is £150 per person 3 years - visitors spent £600m £1.1 billion increase in economy
39
Economic costs of the Eden Project
Cost around £80m to build
40
Environmental benefits of the Eden Project
Birds/insects help control pests | Transformation of derelict land
41
Environmental costs of the Eden Project
Huge source of pollution - all customers arrive on road | Car park emits CO2 more than anywhere else
42
Why is the Eden Project a positive multiplier effect?
There is an increased demand for local farm produced meaning more income for farmers, increasing Cornwall's economy There are full time permanent jobs created meaning that the local wages increase A tourist attraction meaning that people are most likely to stay over for a few days - making local businesses and B&B's money - council receives more money, taxes rise for better investment in infrastructure
43
What does better investment in infrastructure lead to?
Businesses investing creating more jobs
44
Why did farm prices fall in Cornwall?
Supermarkets seeking lower prices - causing Cornwall's farms to go into administration
45
What has happened to the price of tin as the pound has become stronger and what is the effect of this?
It is more expensive to buy externally meaning that there is less exporting due to companies avoiding purchasing outside of the country
46
What are the residents of Cornwall explained as?
"Asset-rish, cash poor" so they can't afford to buy many things from the shop
47
What the five main Objective One projects which attempted to rebrand Cornwall?
- The extreme sports academy - Jamie Oliver's fifteen restaurant - CUC (Combined Universities in Cornwall) - Arts and Culture - South West Studios
48
Who are the key players in Objective one funding?
Local councils (Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Council) Development agencies Central government Environmental groups Education interests Business interests Private individuals who invest their own capital
49
How does Objective one work?
Investors start the process and then apply for equal amounts of money from other sources Investors - £20,000 of their own money Bank loan - another £20,000 to make £40,000 Local councils - match, £80,000 Bid for South West Development Agency match for - £160,000 Bid for Objective one match for - £320,000
50
How successful was the extreme sports academy?
Didn't rebrand Cornwall that well It attracted young people learning to surf Provided 50-60 people all year-round jobs Uses the natural environment
51
What does the owner of the extreme sports academy also own?
The Watergate Bay Hotel, overlooking the academy and the beach. Hotel has a restaurant, bar and and accommodation
52
How successful was Jamie Oliver's Fifteen restaurant?
Trains local young people in catering skills (help prevent the brain drain) 30 16-24 year old people from disadvantaged backgrounds are selected to work in the restaurant each year Trained at Cornwall College for a few months and then cook in the kitchens supported by professional chefs They have locally sourced food Part of a package deal
53
How successful was CUC?
CUC helps graduates set up businesses or secure jobs in knowledge-based companies in Cornwall trying to cut the 'brain drain' Examples: "Sixixis" - shapes Cornish timber into handmade furniture "Neutralize" - a computer company helping top clients to improve their placing on internet search engine Has been shown to have a great success
54
How successful was using arts and culture?
Holds an annual festival each year "Du Maurier" Hosts authors, musicians, broadcasters for 11 days Only attracts tourists who are interested in arts The jobs are not only made but are educational Improves the natural beauty
55
How successful was South West Studios?
Not very.... Nearly received £2m from objective one Two film studios were built Expected that the firm would create 200 permanent jobs and bring millions into the economy 2004 - bankrupt Building work never completed Owner was arrested for fraudulently for obtaining money from objective one and jailed in 2007
56
What is destination tourism?
When people visit a place simply because of one attraction
57
Why is destination tourism good?
It's all year round which can generalise profits | Can lead to other businesses having a positive affect
58
What is cost-benefit analysis?
A technique where projected public schemes are evaluated in terms of social outcomes as well ads in terms of profit/loss
59
What is a legacy?
A situation that will exist in the future because of events and actions that take place in the present
60
What are affordable homes?
Homes which can be afforded by young adults or below the average wage
61
Why did East London need to be rebranded?
London Docks - closed in 1981 because of bigger ships
62
How many people lost their jobs in East London between 1978 and 1983?
12,000
63
Why did the London docks seem unattractive to investors?
Derelict
64
How many miles downstream provided a better site for ships in East London?
20 miles
65
How much did the population decline by in 1971-81 in London?
18.5%
66
How much % of jobs were lost in London due to the closure of the docks?
60%
67
Why was there a negative multiplier effect in London?
Secondary and tertiary jobs were lost, leading to a population decline as people left to work elsewhere
68
What was the history of Weston Super Mare?
1950-60s was it's peak Nicknamed 'Bristol by the sea' Tourists mainly from Bristol, South Wales and the Midlands
69
What changed about Weston Super Mare being a popular tourist attraction?
``` Package holidays Cheaper holidays overseas Cornwall increased transport links More people having cars Longer holidays - worthwhile Higher incomes - afford holidays ```
70
How has Weston been affected by the change?
Shops aren't doing well due to decrease in demand Unemployment rates increase/lower wages Negative multiplier effect
71
Why does Weston need to rebrand?
Vacant premises, derelict land, decrease in tourism
72
Why are some seaside resorts difficult to rebrand?
Competition from overseas Crime? The weather
73
Name and explain a flagship project used by Weston Super Mare
Grand Pier - Tourist attraction - All year round - Premium prices - Concerts held there - Jobs provided - Good for surrounding businesses
74
Disadvantages of using the Grand Pier as a flagship project
Only day visitors - bad for hotels and b&bs
75
What specialise events happen in Weston Super Mare?
``` Sandcastle competitions T4 on the beach Racing (use of the beach) SEASONAL- only one day ```
76
What is gentrification?
The process where people with lots of money locate themselves in place which were before run down Through private development
77
How can transport help East London? (Market-led regenration)
ODA - Olympic Delivery Authority Invested more than £500 million in local infrastructure to develop and deliver these improvements. Including: - A second new docklands light railway line - A new branch of East London line - New and improved piers of river services on the Thames - 100 walking and cycling routes
78
Why did East London (Stratford) need rebranding?
Low paid jobs Machinery taken over Unemployment due to factories going elsewhere Young people don't have training and education Derelict and contaminated land Lack of affordable housing
79
How was East London rebranded?
``` 25,000 new homes and an airport New docklands railway £25bil investment 100,000 new jobs - not for locals, only cleaners and low income people Attracting new investors OLYMPICS :))) ```
80
Olympics stadiums... sustainable for the future?
Stadium used for football Swimming pool staying Media offices used for offices Flats being sold off
81
What is a transport hub?
Centre of a transport network
82
What is a commuter?
Someone who lives in one place and travels to work
83
What is an economic leakage?
Occurs when earnings in one area are spent in another
84
What is an investor?
Someone who spends money on something with the hope of making a profit over time
85
What is a CTRL?
Channel Tunnel Rail Link
86
What is geographical isolation?
Inaccessible due to poor transport links
87
Why did Princesshay need rebranding?
Competition from out of town shopping centres e.g. cribbs causeway
88
Strategies to rebrand in Exeter
£227m redevelopment of shopping centre in Princesshay | Widening pavements in Sidwell Street
89
How many houses were created during the rebranding of east London through the olympics?
12,000 | In which 50% afterwards turned into affordable housing
90
How much was the GDP expected to rise during 2005-2016 because of the Olympics?
£1.9 billion
91
Disadvantage of bringing the olympics to East London
Many houses had to be destroyed to build the olympics meaning that lots of people lost their homes and were unhappy

Geography U2 H (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions