religious actors

Question 1

why do we talk about secularization?

Answer 1

westphalia said the main source of legitimacy wasn’t religion- rulers can be separated from trans. forms of religion.

rationalism and modernism: stories about how the world came to be were being explained by natural science - religion starts losing its legitimacy as the only source of info. there was an “alleged secularization”; because ideologies and politics were talked more

Question 2

resurgence of religion is seen with…

Answer 2

gamel abdel nasar talks about muslim brotherhood and mocks them - nowadays this would be controversial

hinduism- radical understandings have grown. clashes between nationalists and muslims

christianity- is back to politics (hungary, poland)

Question 3

what do we owe the resurgence of religion?

Answer 3

communication tech, transnational identity, religion as a response to globalization

Question 4

transnational religious actor

Answer 4

wants to organize faith

Question 5

transnational political actor using religious discourse

Answer 5

wants to organize political life and uses religion as justification

Question 6

religion as “imagined communities”

Answer 6

nation is socially constructed - you don’t know everyone in your country but you share a common reference that has been presented to you

Question 7

print capitalism

Answer 7

seeing the same news- symbolic connection to a broader community

Question 8

transnational practices of community

Answer 8

1. local: face to face community

2. binding practice: pilgrimages- religion needs practices that remind people that they belong to a broader group

Question 9

religion can subvert state sovereignty (examples)

Answer 9

1. liberation theology: movement in south america to go back to jesus’ original teachings of favoring the rights of the poor (dictatorships saw this as a problem)
2. communism: in poland, vatican funded anticom. organizations- polish government was so afraid that it killed a priest

Question 10

religion can transnationalize state sovereignty (examples)

Answer 10

1. colonialism and missionaries: they are in the same boat- conversion in south america was due to colonialism
2. turkey and morocco: managing islam at a distance- making sure proper islam is practiced. (religion can come together with the transnational ns)

Question 11

religion in a liminal space - susanne rudolph

Answer 11

religion doesn’t replace ns => it provides perceptions and exceptions.

Question 12

what has caused the explosion of religious formations? - susanne rudolph

Answer 12

print and electronic media, increased literacy, urbanization

Question 13

change in the spread of religion - susanne rudolph

Answer 13

while previously the metropolis irrigated the periphery-now it’s the opposite

Question 14

religion is not a single cause but… (susanne rudolph)

Answer 14

one of the identity markers of groups

Question 15

communities x sovereignty

Answer 15

communities have authority/power but don’t claim sovereignty

Question 16

does religious authority challenge the monopoly of the state?

Answer 16

yes, some functions that are currently the monopoly of the state are going to be taken over by other actors