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Replacement of Missing Teeth > Removable Partial Dentures > Flashcards

Removable Partial Dentures Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

What is an abutment

A

any tooth or implant that supports a dental prosthesis

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2
Q

What is a retainer

A

the portion of a partial denture that attaches the prosthesis to the abutment

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3
Q

What is an extracoronal retainer, and what are the two parts

A

two metal clasps that lie on the external surface of the abutment
retentive clasp and reciprocal clasp

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4
Q

What is a retentive clasp

A

the portion of an extracoronal retainer that is located in an undercut area of the crown and resists occlusal or incisal displacement of the RPD

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5
Q

What is the reciprocal clasp

A

the portion of the extracoronal retainer that is located in a non-undercut area on the opposite side of the abutment and acts as the stabilizing element

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6
Q

What is an intracoronal retainer

A

when the retainer is contained completely within the contours of the clinical crown. (rare, need two specially designed crowns)

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7
Q

What is a tooth supported RPD

A

an RPD that receives support from teeth at each end of the edentulous space

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8
Q

how much support does a tooth supported RPD get from the ridge

A

some, but not a significant amount.

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9
Q

What is another name for a tooth-tissue supported RPD

A

an extension base

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10
Q

what is a tooth-tissue supported RPD

A

an RPD with teeth supporting only one end of the edentulous space. they have a mesial or distal extension

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11
Q

What is retention

A

resistance to displacement away from the teeth and soft tissues

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12
Q

what is support

A

resistance to displacement toward the teeth and soft tissues

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13
Q

what is stability

A

resistance to displacement in the mediolateral or anterioposterior direction

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14
Q

Which type of kennedy classification is most common, which is least

A

1 is most common (then 2, then 3) 4 is least common

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15
Q

What is a kennedy class 1

A

bilateral edentulous areas posterior to remaining teeth

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16
Q

What is a kennedy class 2

A

unilateral edentulous area posterior to remaining teeth

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17
Q

What is a kennedy class 3

A

unilateral edentulous area with teeth both anterior and posterior to it

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18
Q

What is a kennedy class 4

A

single, bilateral edentulous area that is anterior to remaining teeth, and crosses the midline

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19
Q

in the classification of an edentulous space should classification follow or precede all planned extractions?

A

it should follow all extractions

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20
Q

would a missing third molar that isn’t going to be replaced be considered when assigning a kennedy classification

A

nope

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21
Q

would a missing second molar that isn’t going to be replaced be considered when assigning a kennedy classification

A

nope

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22
Q

would an existing third molar that is going to be used as an abutment for the RPD be considered when assigning a kennedy classification

A

yes

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23
Q

when you have multiple edentulous areas in an arch, which one is used to determine the classification

A

the most posterior edentulous area

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24
Q

what do you refer to all edentulous areas that aren’t determining the kennedy classification as

A

modification spaces

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25
what determines the number of modification spaces you have
the number of additional (not including the classification determining edentulous area) edentulous areas you have. not the number of teeth that are missing.
26
can there be Kennedy class IV arches with modification spaces
nope.
27
When should RPDs be planned and designed
from the very beginning, during initial diagnosis and treatment planning
28
how could diabetes affect an RPD
when it is uncontrolled it can lead to small oral abscesses and poor tissue tone
29
how could arthritis affect an RPD
it can cause changes in the TMJ which creates difficulties in recording jaw relations
30
how could paget disease affect an RPD
causes enlargement of maxillary tuberosities
31
how can acromegaly affect an RPD
it causes an enlargement of the mandible
32
how can parkinsons affect an RPD
it makes it very difficult for the patient to remove it and insert it, and keep it clean
33
how can pemphigous vulgaris affect an RPD
causes bullae in the oral cavity, which cause discomfort, dryness, and an ill-fitting denture
34
how can epilepsy affect an RPD
seizures can cause a fracture in the RPD or loss of additional teeth
35
how can cancer affect an RPD
radiation/chemo can cause mucosal irritations, xerostomia, infections
36
how can antihypertensive agents affect an RPD
syncope (orthostatic hypotension)
37
how can endocrine therapy affect an RPD
cause xerostomia
38
what is the most important thing to do in a patient interview
listen
39
what should you do in the first five minutes of an interview
establish rapport
40
what should we be concerned about a patients expectations
we should make sure that they are realistic, and that they understand the increased maintenance that comes with an RPD. if they have unrealistic expectations, or won't tolerate the increased maintenance required, treatment shouldn't be done
41
What must we understand about a patient with highly mobile lips (gummy smile)
that it can be difficult to achieve good aesthetics with an RPD for this patient
42
what is a philosophical patient like
they are easy to treat, accept responsibility, and understand they have a role in their health
43
what is an exacting patient like
well dressed, wants perfection, difficult to treat, once satisfied they are enthusiastic supporters
44
what is a hysterical patient like
complain without reason, don't accept responsibility, and have poor success unless they have a change of attitude
45
what is an indifferent patient like
they ignore instructions, uncooperative, don't care about remaining teeth, poor prognosis
46
What is tooth mobility 1
trauma from occlusion, can be reversed with occlusion correction
47
what is tooth mobility 2
inflammation of PDL, can be reversed if inflammation is eliminated
48
what is tooth mobility 3
bone loss, non-reversable
49
what is the necessary crown-root ratio for an abutment tooth
at most 1:1 crown (clinical crown) to root ratio. | if greater than that it is not suitable to be an abutment
50
what are the options for a tooth with greater than 1:1 crown to root ratio
- Extraction (if the adjacent tooth is capable of being an abutment) - Splint (usually weakens the strong tooth) - retained as an overdenture (needs to be endo treated)
51
What should be done when considering and RPD for a patient with signs of gingivitis and periodontal disease
the disease must be controlled for the RPD to be successful
52
What do we focus on when observing radiographs during RPD design and planning
the abutment teeth and residual ridge areas
53
do all root tips need to be removed before RPD placement
no
54
can 3rd molars be used as abutment teeth
yes
55
What are favorable and unfavorable root and bone conditions for abutment teeth
large and long roots are favorable (as long as they have a good crown to root ratio) short conical roots are unfavorable roots in close proximity to other roots are unfavorable due to less interproximal bone
56
what does a widened PDL on a potential abutment tooth indicate, and what does it mean for RPD planning
it indicates mobility, trauma, or heavy occlusion in RPD planning effort should be made to reduce heavy forces on the tooth because additional stress may lead to severe damage
57
Should you initiate restorative treatment prior to the completion of the diagnostic mounting and design of the RPD
no, unless it is urgent
58
can you use endodontically treated teeth as abutments
yes you can, but they should be carefully evaluated since they can become more brittle. (they will need a full coverage crown)
59
What is torus palatinus, and how does it usually affect an RPD
it is tori (bony protuberance) on the hard palate. it usually doesn't affect an RPD and thus doesn't have to be removed.
60
What is torus mandibularis and how does it usually affect an RPD
it is tori (bony protuberance) on the lingual surface of the mandible, it causes uncomfortable fitting of the RPD and usually needs to be removed
61
What are Exostoses and how do they usually affect RPDs
they are bony overgrowths on an osseus surface. they are more common in the maxilla, can be caused by an extraction, and need to be removed if they are large enough to interfere with RPD seating
62
What are the options for treating a hard tissue undercut
1. reducing the length of the denture base | 2. surgically correcting the undercut
63
when would you surgically correct a hard tissue undercut instead of reducing the length of the denture base
1. when reducing the length leads to reduction in stability or support 2. when the undercut creates a food impaction 3. when shortening the denture base causes an aesthetic issue
64
what are the treatment options for a frenum that interferes with an RPD
a notch can be placed in the RPD for the frenum, if the notch is unaesthetic (sometimes due to a short lip, or highly mobile lip) then a frenectomy may be indicated
65
What does the active floor of the mouth refer to
the portion of the floor of the mouth that is mobile. it is important because your RPD cannot rest on the active floor of the mouth. Thus you must measure when the active floor of the mouth is.
66
for a Kennedy class 1, how many direct retention and indirect retention seats do you need
2 direct and 2 indirect
67
for a Kennedy class 2, how many direct retention and indirect retention seats do you need
3 direct and 1 indirect
68
for a Kennedy class 3, how many direct retention and indirect retention seats do you need
4 direct and 0 indirect
69
for a Kennedy class 4, how many direct retention and indirect retention seats do you need
4 direct and 2 indirect
70
What is the order of most preferable clasp type to least preferable clasp type for a distal extension
1. I-bar 2. T-bar 3. Wrought Wire
71
What is the undercut amount needed for an I bar
.01 inch
72
what is the undercut amount needed for a T bar
.01 inch
73
what is the undercut amount needed for a wrought wire
.02 inch
74
where is the mesiodistal location of the I bar
mid-buccal
75
where is the mesiodistal location of the T bar
distobuccal
76
where is the mesiodistal location of the WW (wrought wire)
mesiobuccal
77
What clasps are usually used in Kennedy class III situations
C-Clasps (circlet)
78
What is a ball clasp and when is it used
it is a clasp with a ball on it that goes over the marginal ridge and engages in the interproximal (facial) undercut. They are used on interim RPDs when lingual interproximal undercuts don't have sufficient undercuts

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