reproduction

Question 1

what are games?

Answer 1

reproductive cells

Question 2

what are gonads?

Answer 2

primary sex organs

Question 3

ovarian cycle

Answer 3

series of cyclic events that matures 1 oocyte once a month

Question 4

follicular phase

Answer 4

(ovarian cycle) days 1-14 follicle grow and secret estrogen , one gets promoted to “dominate follicle”

Question 5

luteal phase

Answer 5

(ovarian cycle) days 15-28, a mass of cells form the veeps lute which secrets high levels pf progesterone and estrogens

Question 6

what can the luteal phase cause

Answer 6

eroding of the endometrium

Question 7

uterine cycle

Answer 7

series of cyclic events that causes change in the endometrium in response to ovarian hormones

Question 8

menstrual phase

Answer 8

days 0-4, menstruation occurs, endometrium sheds

Question 9

proliferate (preovulatory)

Answer 9

days 5-14, endometrium rebuilds itself in response to rising blood levels of estrogens

Question 10

secretory (post ovulatory)

Answer 10

days 15-28, endometrium prepares for an embryo implantation

Question 11

puberty

Answer 11

reproduction organs grow to their adult size and become functional

Question 12

HPG

Answer 12

hypothalamus pituitary gland

Question 13

what is HPG’s role

Answer 13

responsible for reproductive hormone secretion

Question 14

where are spam made?

Answer 14

seminiferous tubules

Question 15

where do sperm mature?

Answer 15

epididymis

Question 16

what gland secretes the greatest contribution to the volume of semen?

Answer 16

seminal glands

Question 17

what is the first phase of the ovarian cycle

Answer 17

follicular phase

Question 18

what is the second phase the ovarian cycle? and what does it develop

Answer 18

luteal phase; corpus luteum

Question 19

games are ____ meaning they have I full set of chromosomes__

Answer 19

haploid; 23

Question 20

Gamets are made during?

Answer 20

meiosis

Question 21

somatic cell are ___ meaning they have 2 full sets of chromosomes __

Answer 21

diploid; 46

Question 22

what key events happens during interphase?

Answer 22

DNA replication

Question 23

mitosis results __ # of cells that are ____

Answer 23

two; identical

Question 24

meiosis results in ___ # of cells that are ___

Answer 24

4; unique

Question 25

after fertilization the zygote goes through ____

Answer 25

mitosis

Question 26

pathway of sperm

Answer 26

Seminiferous tubules of the testes - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory duct - urethra of penis- vagina - cervix - uterus - Fallopian tube - endometrium of the uterus.

Question 27

fertilization occur at week ___ of pregnancy and is the start of the ____ period lasting until week # ___

Answer 27

2; embryonic ; 8

Question 28

the next phase of pregnancy is known as the _____ period and starts at week ____ and ends at birth or also known as ___

Answer 28

fetal ; 9; parturition

Question 29

in preparation for pregnancy the ___ lining of the uterus thickens

Answer 29

endometrium

Question 30

this happens during the ____ phase of the _____ cycle

Answer 30

proliferatie phase; uterine cycle

Question 31

the hormone ___ surges to support implantation

Answer 31

progesterone

Question 32

milk is produced in the

Answer 32

glandular alveoli in the lobes of each mammary gland

Question 33

how does the zygote make its way through the female reproductive system

Answer 33

muscular peristalsis and beating cilia

Question 34

when does meiosis in females begin and end

Answer 34

before birth; when an egg is fertilized

Question 35

when does meiosis in male begin and end

Answer 35

at puberty

Question 36

what is the end results of spermatogenesis

Answer 36

4 spermatids

Question 37

what is the name of the maturation process that happens after spermatogenesis

Answer 37

spermatogenesis; it makes the sperm motile

Question 38

as the zygote travels down the fallopian tube it goes through a period of rapid mitotic divisions known as ___

Answer 38

cleavage

Question 39

when the zygote is a clump of 16 or more cells it is considered to be a ____

Answer 39

morula

Question 40

around 4 days, the zygote is considered a ___ and consists of a single layer of cells that will develop into the _____ and a clump of cells that will develop into the ____

Answer 40

blastocyst; placenta ; embryo

Question 41

which structure initially secretes progesterone and estrogen for the growing embryo

Answer 41

corpus luteum

Question 42

which structure takes over?

Answer 42

placenta

Question 43

the structure in number 2 is connected to the embryo

Answer 43

umbilical cord

Question 44

what two things must happen to the cervix In preparation for childbirth

Answer 44

dilate to 10cm and efface 100%

Question 45

luteinizing hormone in males

Answer 45

stimulates interstitial endocrine cells to secrete testosterone

Question 46

follicle stimulating hormone in males

Answer 46

indirectly stimulates the development of games in spermatogenesis

Question 47

luteinizing hormones and follicle stimulating hormone in females

Answer 47

stimulates the development of gamets and an increase in the secretion sex hormones

Question 48

uterine cycle stages

Answer 48

menstrual: 1-8 proliferate: 8-13 ovulation: 14 secretory :15-28

Question 49

endometrium layers- which one increases

Answer 49

basal and functional layer, functional layer

Question 50

which hormone impacts the fluctuations in the endometrium

Answer 50

progesterone peaks at days 19-24 when the functional later peaks

Question 51

what hormones is the uterine cycle directly influenced by

Answer 51

sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) because functional layer

Question 52

oogenesis process

Question 53

spermatogenesis summarized

Answer 53

start with mitosis of stem cells and has 1 spermatagonium and make 4 spermatid that then go through meiosis during puberty, 4 haploid cells

Question 54

oogenesis process

Answer 54

(happens before birth) struts with diploid cell = 1 ovum- haploid cell- and 3 polar bodies then goes through puberty, meiosis and makes it secondary egg for fertilization

Question 55

meiosis

Answer 55

creating haploid sex cells, happens for female before life and males throughout , end with 4 unique haploid gametes

Question 56

mitosis

Answer 56

making copies of somatic cells, happens throughout life

Question 57

haploid cell

Answer 57

I full set = 23 chromosomes

Question 58

diploid cell

Answer 58

2 full sets = 46

Question 59

where are sperm specifically made

Answer 59

semiferous tubules

Question 60

what are the three accessory glands

Answer 60

seminal glands, prostate, bulborethreal

Question 61

seminal glands

Answer 61

secretion glands makes up 70% of volume of semen and increases mobility

Question 62

prostate

Answer 62

1/4 of semen, activates sperm