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Flashcards in Reproductive 2 Deck (26)
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1
Q

What is the general structure of the pelvic floor?

A

-Funnel Shaped Structure. Attached to the wall of lesser pelvis to separate the perineum inferiorly from the pelvic cavity. Contains:

  • Urogenital hiatus and Rectal Hiatus.
  • Perineal Body lies between Urogenital Hiatus and Rectal Hiatus. Attaches the Pelvic Floor to Perineum
2
Q

What are the Pelvic Floor Muscles?

A
  • Levator Ani
  • Coccygeus Muscle
  • Fascia Covering Muscles
  • Superficial Muscles
3
Q

What are the components of Levator Ani?

A
  • Puborectalis
  • Pubococcygeus
  • Illiococcygeus
4
Q

What are the functions of Puborectalis?

A

Extending from the Bodies of Pubic Bones past Urogenital Hiatus

  • Mainly to maintain Faecal Incontinence
  • Maintain Urinary Incontinence
5
Q

What are the Superficial Muscles?

A
  • Bulbospongiosus
  • Ischiocavernosus
  • Superficial Transverse Perineal Muscle
  • External Anal Sphincter
6
Q

What supplies the Pelvic Floor?

A
  • Pudendal Nerve

- Internal Pudendal Artery

7
Q

What is the innervation of vulva?

A

Sensory

  • Anterior Portion: Ilioinguinal Nerve and Genitofemoral Nerve
  • Posterior Portion: Pudendal Nerve and Posterior Nerve of Thigh

Parasympathetic Nervous Supply – clitoris and vestibule
-Cavernous Nerve

8
Q

What is the vascular supply of the Vulva?

A

Vascular Supply

  • Arteries: Pudendal Arteries
  • Veins: Pudendal Veins
  • Lymph: Superficial inguinal Lymph Nodes
9
Q

What is the histological Structure of Vagina?

A
  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Elastic lamina propria
  • Fibromuscular layer
  • Adventitia
10
Q

What are Fornix of the Vagina?

A
  • Anterior fornix, which is near the vesicouterine pouch

- Posterior fornix is near the rectouterine pouch

11
Q

What is the Vasculature of the Vagina?

A

Artery – Uterine and Vaginal Arteries
Vein – Uterine Vein
Lymphatic – Iliac and Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes

12
Q

What is the Innervation of the Vagina?

A

Uterovaginal Nerve Plexus for Superior Part – SNS and PNS

Inferior Part of Vagina – Pudendal Nerve

13
Q

What composes the Cervix?

A

Lower Portion of the Uterus. Composed of Ectocervix and Endocervix

  • Ectocervix opens to External Os
  • Endocervix opens to Internal Os
14
Q

What is the Vasculature of the Cervix?

A

Artery – Uterine Artery
Vein – Uterine Veins
Lymphatics – Iliac, Sacral, Aortic, Inguinal

15
Q

What are Positions of the Uterus?

A
  • Anteverted: Rotated forwards toward anterior surface of body
  • Anteflexed: Flexed towards the anterior surface of the body
16
Q

What is the Structure of the Uterus?

A
  • Peritoneum
  • Myometrium
  • Endometrium
17
Q

What is the structure of the Endometrium?

A
  • Deep stratum basalis: Changes little throughout the menstrual cycle and is not shed at menstruation.
  • Superficial stratum functionalis: Proliferates in response to oestrogens, and becomes secretory in response to progesterone. It is shed during menstruation and regenerates from cells in the stratum basalis layer.
18
Q

What are the ligament of the Uterus?

A
  • Broad Ligament
  • Round Ligament – Remnant of Gubernaculum
  • Ovarian Ligament – Joins Ovaries to Uterus
  • Cardinal Ligament – Extends from Cervix to Lateral Pelvic Walls
  • Uterosacral Ligament – Cervix to Sacrum. Provides support to Uterus
  • Suspensory Ligament of Ovary – Ovary to lateral abdominal wall
  • Ligament of Ovary
19
Q

What are the part of the Broad Ligament?

A

Mesometrium – surrounds the uterus and largest subsection of broad ligament

Mesovarium – associated with ovaries

Mesosalpinx – Encloses the Fallopian Tubes

20
Q

What is the Vasculature of the Uterus?

A

Artery - Uterine Artery (Ureter cross under)

Veins – Uterine Veins

Lymphatics – Iliac, Sacral, Aortic and Inguinal Lymph Nodes

21
Q

What is the innervation of the Uterus?

A
  • Uterovaginal Plexus

- Parasympathetic Fibres: Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves

22
Q

What is the structure of the Fallopian tubes?

A
  • Fimbriae
  • Infundibulum
  • Ampulla
  • Isthmus
23
Q

What is the Vasculature of the Fallopian tubes?

A

Arteries - Uterine and Ovarian arteries.

Venous - Uterine and Ovarian veins.

Lymphatics - Iliac, Sacral and Aortic lymph nodes.

24
Q

What is the Vasculature of the Ovary?

A

Artery – Ovarian Arteries

Veins – Ovarian Veins

  • Left drains to Left Renal Vein
  • Right Drains to Inferior Vena Cava

Lymphatics – Para-Aortic Nodes

25
Q

What is the Innervation of the Fallopian tubes?

A

-Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nerve fibres

26
Q

What is the innervation of of the Fallopian tubes?

A

Ovarian and Uterine Plexuses