Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Reproductive System > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

(49 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

Function of reproductive system:

Secretion of hormones

A

Testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Functions of reproductive system:

Game production

A

Male: sperm from testes
Female: eggs from ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of reproductive system:

Produce offspring

A

Only women bc they have a uterus and can maintain pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Scrotum

A

Fleshy, muscular pouch external to body
Home to testicles
Bundles of strap like muscles called cremaster surround and attach to testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cremaster muscles

A

Contraction goes upward

Relaxation goes downward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are found in the scrotum?

A

Testicles, paired oval organs housed in scrotum

Site of sperm and testosterone production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are testicles outside the body?

A

Bc it’s too hot inside the body

Optimal temperature is 96.6 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Seminiferous tubes

A

Coiled tubules located in the lobules of testes
1-3 tubules found in a lobule
Actual site of sperm production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sertoli cells

A

Located in seminiferous tubules
Function to nourish and protect developing sperm
Nurse cells (protect, nurture, support)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Leydig cells

A

Clusters of cells located outside the seminiferous tubules

Produce testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sperm delivery

A

1) epididymus
2) vas deferens
3) ejaculatory duct
4) urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Epididymus

A

Coiled, comma shaped organ that sits on top of each testicle

Site of sperm maturation, 2 week process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Vas Deferens

A

Paired, muscular tubes that transports sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct
Can store sperm for several months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ejaculatory Duct

A

Short, singular passageway that transports sperm from vas deferens to the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Urethra

A

Singular tube that transports sperm from ejaculatory duct to external environment
Transports urine but not at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glands:

Seminal Vesicles

A

Paired, tube like glands
Produce majority of glandular secretions, roughly 60% of semen volume
Alkaline secretion high in fructose and prostaglandins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glands:

Prostate Gland

A

Singular, walnut shaped gland that surround the urethra
Produce 30% of semen volume
Contains an antibiotic like substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Glands:

Bulbourethral (Cowper’s gland)

A

Paired, pea shaped glands found at base of penis
Produce 10% of semen volume
Alkaline substance released prior to ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is semen composed of?

A

Glandular secretions
2-5 ml
Sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Function of the penis

Study These Flashcards
A

Obtain and maintain erection

Reproduce

20
Q

Corpus cavernosa

Study These Flashcards
A

Composed of 2 columns of sponge like tissue that surrounds the corpus spongiosum of the penis
Primary erectile tissue of penis, fills with blood, results in penile erection

21
Q

Corpus spongiosum

Study These Flashcards
A

Relatively slender tissue that surrounds urethra and extends to tip of penis, where it forms the glans
Primary sensory tissue of penis
Majority of sensory receptors are located in the glans penis

22
Q

What is the glans penis homologous to in females?

23
Q

Ovaries

Study These Flashcards
A

Paired, oval organs located laterally in pelvic cavity, supported by ligaments
Consistency of cottage cheese
Inner, vascular medulla and outer cortex that contains ova located in follicles

24
Follicles
Sac like structures that contain an ovum Flattened follicular cells surround ovum Follicular cells produce and release estrogen in response to FSH
25
Follicles Mature
Primary follicle --> Graafian follicle (mature) | High estrogen=low number of chromosomes (meiosis)
26
Primary follicle
Thin layer of follicular cells that surround an ovum FSH stimulated follicular cells to undergo mitosis and increase on number Follicular cells release estrogen High estrogen, ovum begins to mature
27
Tertiary or Graafian follicle
Several layers of follicular cells that surround ovum Contain a fluid filled central chamber called Antrum Ovum competes meiosis II
28
Ovulation occurs
A LH surge stimulates ejection of an ovum from the Graafian follicle
29
Corpus luteum
Remains of the ruptured Graafian follicle develop into the endocrine structure called corpus luteum Secretes progesterone, prepares body for pregnancy
30
Fallopian tubes
Paired, lateral tubes that extend laterally from the uterus | Receive an ovulated ovum also site if fertilization
31
Fimbrae
Numerous ciliated, smooth muscle finger like projections that hang over the ovaries Don't physically touch the ovaries
32
Uterus
Small, muscular pear shaped organ that consists of fundus, cervix, and body Site of implantation (fundus) and of the menses Composed of 3 layers
33
Uterine layer: | Perimetrium
Outermost connective tissue layer | Attaches to ligaments that anchor the uterus in place
34
Uterine layer: | Myometrium
Middle, bulky layer of uterus | Composed of smooth muscle
35
Uterine layer: | Endometrium
Innermost layer | Composed of an inner stratum basale and stratum functionalis
36
Vagina
Elastic, smooth muscular tube about 3-3.5 inches in length Site of sperm deposition, childbirth, exit of period C. Albicans (yeast) and L. Bacillus populate vaginal canal (breakdown sugar = lactic acid) Acidic pH 6
37
Mons pubis
Adipose tissue above pubic bone, protects and pads during intercourse
38
Labia majora
Outer fold, composed of corpus cavernosa
39
Labia minora
Inner fold, surrounds opening of urethra
40
Clitoris
Sensory receptors, small erectile structure, similar to penis in males
41
Urethral orifice
Opening of urethra where semen and urine exits
42
Vaginal orifice
Vaginal opening, narrowest portion of canal
43
What age does menstruation begin? Why? Days per cycle?
12-15 years old Develops the endometrial lining if pregnancy occurs it will nourish fetus Every 28 days lasting 3-5 days
44
1) menstrual phase
Days 1-5 Functional layer of thick endometrial lining is detaching from uterine wall 50-150 ml of blood loss
45
2) Proliferative phase (preovulatory)
Days 6-14 Rising estrogen levels Basal layer of endometrium regenerates the functional layer, glands form in it, blood supply goes up Endometrium becomes thick and vascularized Ovulation occurs at end of stage Surge in LH in blood
46
Secretory phase (post ovulatory)
Days 15-28 High levels progesterone production by corpus luteum, increase blood supply Endometrial glands grow and secrete nutrients into uterine cavity Nutrients will sustain embryo until it has implanted
47
hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
If fertilization does not occur, there is no hCG production | Maintains corpus luteum and promotes continued secretion of progesterone which maintains endometrial lining
48
Breast structure
Nipple: conical projection that had ducts of underlying mammary glands Mammary and ducts: glands that produce milk Areola: pigmented area around nipple

Reproductive System (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions