resp system

Question 1

what are the parts of the resp system

Answer 1

Nasal cavity
nostril
pharynx
epiglottis
glottis
larynx
trachea
bronchus
bronchiole
alveoli
diaphragm

Question 2

what’s the function of the nostril and nasal cavity

Answer 2

warm, moisten, and clean air

Question 3

what is the function of the pharynx

Answer 3

common passageway for both air and food

Question 4

what is the function of the epiglottis

Answer 4

flap that prevents food from going down your windpipe

Question 5

what is the glottis

Answer 5

the opening for the windpipe

Question 6

what is the function of the larynx

Answer 6

voicebox - made of cartilage and flaps that make up vocal cords

Question 7

what’s the function of the trachea

Answer 7

windpipe

Question 8

what is the bronchi (bronchus-singular)

Answer 8

two branches from the trachea that direct air into the left and right lung

Question 9

what is the bronchiole

Answer 9

smaller branches extending from bronchi

Question 10

what is the alveoli

Answer 10

air sacs surrounded by capillaries where O2 and CO2 exchange occurs

Question 11

what is the diaphragm

Answer 11

dome shaped muscle that contracts down to inhale

Question 12

how does the diaphragm and ribs move when inhaling

Answer 12

ribs - contract to move up and out
diaphragm - contracts to move down

Question 13

how does the diaphragm and ribs move when exhaling

Answer 13

ribs - relax to move down and in
diaphragm - relaxes to move up

Question 14

what is tidal volume

Answer 14

volume of air that is inhaled and exhaled in a normal breath when body is at rest

Question 15

what is the inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 15

additional volume of air that can be taken into the lungs from the end of a normal inspiration

Question 16

what is the expiratory reserve volume

Answer 16

the max volume of additional air that can be expired from the end of a normal expiration

Question 17

what is the residual volume

Answer 17

the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration

Question 18

what is the main function of the resp system

Answer 18

bring O2 into all cells of the body and remove CO2 waste

Question 19

what two things must be satisfied for gas exchange to happen

Answer 19

surface area just be large enough for gas exchange to occur quickly

moisture lining for gas to dissolve

Question 20

what are the 4 stages of respiration

Answer 20

breathing/inspiration
external respiration
internal respiration
cellular respiration

Question 21

what is external respiration

Answer 21

gas transfer between O2 in alveoli and CO2 in capillaries

Question 22

how much oxygen transfer in external resp occurs via facilitated diffusion

Answer 22

30%

Question 23

does external respiration require energy

Answer 23

no bc it moves w the concentration gradient

Question 24

what is the waste product removed using external resp and where is it produced

Answer 24

CO2 produces in cell resp

Question 25

what process causes gas exchange to occur in external respiration

Answer 25

facilitated diffusion

Question 26

what is internal respiration

Answer 26

exchange of CO2 and O2 in tissue cells

Question 27

what percentage of o2 is carried by hemoglobin and what carries the rest

Answer 27

99% blood plasma

Question 28

what structure causes the red color in blood

Answer 28

oxyhemoglobin

Question 29

how much CO2 combines with hemoglobin and what does it form

Answer 29

23% carbaminohemoglobin

Question 30

how much CO2 is carried by blood plasma

Answer 30

7%

Question 31

how much CO2 is dissolved in blood and what does it form

Answer 31

70% bicarbonate ion

Question 32

what does CO2 combine with in blood and what does it form

Answer 32

combines w water forms carbonic acid

Question 33

how does bicarbonate exit the body

Answer 33

diffuses out of red blood cells into blood plasma carried to lungs diffuses into lungs and is exhaled

Question 34

how does bicarbonate exit the body

Answer 34

diffuses out of red blood cells into blood plasma carried to lungs diffuses into lungs and is exhaled

Question 35

what happens to the pressure in your lungs when you breathe in and out

Answer 35

breathe in - pressure lowers breathe out - pressure increases

Question 36

what is hemoglobin made of and what carries it

Answer 36

made of iron carried by red blood cells

Question 37

what color is blood plasma

Answer 37

yellow

Question 38

what parts of the resp system contain cilia and what’s their function

Answer 38

any tube in the resp system has cilia it’s function is filtration - filter out bacteria and debris from entering your lungs

Question 39

what is elasticity and where does it occur in the resp system

Answer 39

the ability of organs to expand and relax organs: diaphragm, alveoli, intercostal muscles

Question 40

how does a punctured lung cavity affect the resp system

Answer 40

causes the pressure difference between the lungs and outside of the body to stop existing which is what causes involuntary breathing to even occur