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PE Boaler Unit 1 > respartory system > Flashcards

respartory system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the long term effects on the respiratory system

A

lung volume increases
increased strength of intercostal muscles
increased capillaries

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2
Q

what are the short term effects of the respiratory system

A

breathing rate increases

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3
Q

what is the order of which air passes through to the lungs

A

nasal cavity
pharynx
epiglottis
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli

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4
Q

what is the function of nasal cavity

A

warms the air when passing through

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5
Q

what is the function of epiglottis

A

stop food entering the airway

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6
Q

what is the function of pharynx

A

acts of a passageway allowing air through the windpipe

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7
Q

what is the function of trachea

A

allows inspired and expired air in and out the lungs

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8
Q

what is the function of larynx

A

voice box
air pass through throat to trachea to lungs

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9
Q

what is the function of alveoli

A

air sack
expand and shrink

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10
Q

what is the function of bronchioles

A

deliver air to alveoli

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11
Q

what is gaseous exchange

A

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli

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12
Q

what are the 5 muscles when breathing

A

scalenes
sternocleidomastoid
pectoralis minor
external abdominal oblique
rectus abdominis

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13
Q

what do the intercostal muscles do when inspiration

A

contract pulling chest walls up

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14
Q

what does the diaphragm do when inspiration

A

contract and flattens

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15
Q

what happens to the size of chest when inspiring

A

increase

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16
Q

what happens to the lungs and pressure when inspiring

A

lungs increase in size
pressure decreases

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17
Q

what happens to the intercostal muscles when expiring

A

relax

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18
Q

what happens to the diaphragm during expiring

A

relax and bulges up

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19
Q

what happens to the size of chest when expirating

A

decreases

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20
Q

what happens to the lungs and pressure during expiration

A

pressure increases
lungs decrease in size

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21
Q

what is the tidal volume

A

amount you breath in and out in one breath

22
Q

how many breaths do you take in 1 min

A

15

23
Q

what is minute ventilation/volume (average)

A

the volume of air you breath in one minute (0.5lts)

24
Q

what are the 3 process that work together for ATP

A

aerobic process
metabolic energy
anaerobic process

25
Q

what is ATP and its function

A

Adelicine tri phosphate breakdown of foods, carbs, fats, proteins

26
Q

what is energy homeostasis

A

balanced ATP expenditure and ATP production
remains constant

27
Q

how long does ATP-PC last
and a sporting example

A

10 seconds or less
50m sprint

28
Q

how long does lactic acid energy system last and the sporting example

A

2 mins
400m sprint

29
Q

how long does aerobic energy system last and the sporting example

A

more than 2 mins
marathon

30
Q

what is the recovery for aerobic respiration

A

1 day

31
Q

What is the recovery for lactic acid energy system?

A

1 hour

32
Q

what is the recovery for AP-PC energy system?

A

2-3 mins

33
Q

what is the ATP-PC system

A

short duration
high intensity
never run out of ATP
fast twitch fibres
does not use oxygen
produces energy by the breakdown of creatine phosphate

34
Q

what is the atp-pc fuel source

A

creatine phosphate

35
Q

what does ADP do?

A

combines with phosphate to make ATP

36
Q

how many molecules does the atp-pc system use

A

1

37
Q

what is the lactic acid system

A

high intensity
medium

38
Q

what happens to lactic acid with glucose

A

glucose is broken down and produces pyruvic acid and energy

39
Q

when is purovic acid removed in the lactic acid system

A

when oxygen is available

40
Q

what is the breakdown of glycogen called

A

glycolysis

41
Q

what is the fule source of lactic acid system

A

anaerobic
glycogen
glucose

42
Q

how many molecules does ten lactic acid system use

A

2

43
Q

how many molecules does the aerobic respiration use

A

36

44
Q

what is the file source for aerobic respiration

A

glucose
fatty acids
oxygen

45
Q

what does enzymes use

A

mitochondria to break down fuels

46
Q

what is the aerobic respiration

A

long duration
low intensity

47
Q

what are the 3 stages of aerobic respiration

A

aerobic glycolysis
krebs cycle
electron transport chain

48
Q

what are benefits for circulatory system

A

stronger heart
lower resting heart rate
increased cardiac output
increased stoke volume

49
Q

what does the aerobic resyntheis of ATP require

A

oxygen breakdown carbohydrates and fats
carbon dioxide+water+ATP

50
Q

what are the byproducts of aerobic respiration

A

carbon dioxide
water

51
Q

what is diffusion

A

oxygen moving from alveoli to the blood through capillaries

PE Boaler Unit 1 (4 decks)

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