Respiration Lecture 03: Volumes and Ventilation Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Respiration Lecture 03: Volumes and Ventilation Deck (15)
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0
Q

breath

A

an inspiration and subsequent expiration

1
Q

Tidal volume

A

amt. of air brought in and out of lung w/ each normal breath

2
Q

2 phases of a breath

A

inflation (inspiration) and deflation (expiration)

3
Q

airflow

A

rate at which gas moves

4
Q

alveolar pressure is _____during inspiration, ____at rest, and ______during expiration

A

negative, 0, positive

5
Q

What affects airflow into/out of lung?

A

driving force (change in pressure) and forces that resist movement of air

6
Q

pleural pressure is ______during inspiration, ______at rest, and ______during expiration

A

negative, more negative, negative

7
Q

the tendency of the lung to collapse is due to:

A

tissue forces that oppose lung expansion

8
Q

compliance

A

relationship between the change in volume and change in pressure. The “stretchability of the system.” Is directly related to the physical properties of the system

9
Q

surface tension

A

force that acts at gas-liquid interface which tends to reduce the surface area of the interface. Pulls like molecules towards eachother and reduces area of the air-liquid interface by i.e. collapsing an air bubble, creating a pressure in the air bubble which opposes this force

10
Q

Laplace Law

A

describes the pressure required to keep bubble/alveolus open. P = 2t/r where t is wall tension and r is radius of bubble/alveolus

11
Q

What size alveolus have the greatest tendency to collapse?

A

small

12
Q

surfactant

A

substance that works to reduce the air-liquid interface

13
Q

Where is surfactant produced?

A

Alveolar Type II cells

14
Q

Consequences of surfactant insufficiency

A

lung can’t expand as easily, alveoli may collapse, alveoli will flood with fluid from capillaries (surfactant helps keep alveoli dry)

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