Respiratory 1

Question 1

List the functions of the respiratory system.

Answer 1

• gas exchange
• acid base balance
• protection from infection
• communication via speech

Question 2

Why is breathing important?

Answer 2

To obtain oxygen for the body’s cells to undergo respiration.
To dispel carbon dioxide that is produced as a by-product

Question 3

What is another name given to cellular respiration?

Answer 3

Internal respiration

Question 4

What is referred to as external respiration?

Answer 4

The bulk movement of gases.

Question 5

Why does the respiratory system rely on the systemic system?

Answer 5

For the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body.

Question 6

What type of blood does the pulmonary artery carry?

Answer 6

Deoxygenated

Question 7

Fill the blank.

Pulmonary circulation is _______ from systemic circulation.

Answer 7

opposite

Question 8

In which direction do arteries and veins travel?

Answer 8

Arteries travel away from the heart.

Vein travel towards the heart.

Question 9

What is a ‘normal’ breathing rate?

Answer 9

10-20 breaths/min

Question 10

What breathing rate would you expect at maximum exercise?

Answer 10

40-45 breaths/min

Question 11

Name the components of the respiratory system.

Answer 11

• nose
• pharynx
• epiglottis
• larynx
• trachea
• bronchus
• lungs

Question 12

What structures are found in the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 12

• nose
• pharynx
• epiglottis
• larynx

Question 13

What structures are found in the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 13

• trachea
• bronchus
• lungs

Question 14

What name is given to the fissure separating the superior and inferior lobes of the lungs?

Answer 14

Oblique fissure

Question 15

What does the horizontal fissure separate?

Answer 15

The superior and medial lobe of the right lung.

Question 16

Which of the primary bronchi has the most acute angle from the trachea?

Answer 16

The left primary bronchus.

Question 17

In which bronchus is there most likely to be a blockage?

Answer 17

The right primary bronchus.

Question 18

What is the function of the cartilaginous rings of the trachea?

Answer 18

To maintain a patent airway (open and unobstructed).

Question 19

What maintains patency in the bronchioles?

Answer 19

Physical forces in the thorax.

Question 20

Would the greatest resistance to airflow be found in the trachea or the bronchioles?

Answer 20

In the trachea, as larger structure will contain more molecules.

Question 21

How will contraction of the bronchial smooth muscle affect airflow resistance?

Answer 21

Contraction will decrease the diameter an therefore increase resistance.

Question 22

Describe alveolar type I cells.

Answer 22

• thin cells that allow gas exchange
• directly in contact with capillaries
• simple squamous epithelium

Question 23

Describe alveolar type II cells.

Answer 23

• produce surfactant

- helps to make the work of breathing easier

Question 24

What is another name used to refer to alveolar cells?

Answer 24

Pneumocytes