respiratory Flashcards by Colin McDonald

Q

surfactant secreting cells

A

Type II pneumocytes(cuboidal)

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Q

foreign body lung

A

right inferior lobe

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Q

methemoglobin

A

Fe3+(cyanide binding), Tx-methylene blue

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Q

pulmonary HTN pressure

A

> 25mmHg

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Q

primary pulmonary HTN gene

A

BMPR2(vascular smooth muscle proliferation)

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Q

virchows triad

A

stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage

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Q

postpartum DIC

A

amniotic fluid embolism

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Q

fat embolism triad

A

hypoxemia, neuro, petechial rash

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Q

pre-death thrombus pathology

A

lines of zahn

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Q

low FEV/FVC ratio

A

obstructive lung disease(emphysema/bronchitis/asthma)

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Q

A1AT emphysema pathology

A

panacinar(smoking=centriacinar)

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Q

asthma pathology

A

curschmann spirals, charcot-leyden crystals

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Q

anthrax, silicon & asbestos lobes

A

anthrax&silicon-upper, asbestos-lower

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Q

trachial deviation causes

A

towards-atelectasis&pneumothorax, away-tension pneumo

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Q

adenocarcinoma gene

A

k-ras(most common in nonsmokers)

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Q

nasal polyps associations

A

cystic fibrosis, ASA-resistant asthma

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Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma association

A

EBV(african kids chinese adults)

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Q

laryngeal papilloma association

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A

HPV 6&11

Q

atypical pneumonia pathology

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A

interstitial(viral)

Q

most common secondary pneumonia

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A

staph aureus

Q

lobar pneumonia causes

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A

strep p, klebsiella

Q

silver stain bug

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A

legionella

Q

aspiration pneumonia bugs

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A

bacteroides, fusobacterium, peptococcus (right lower lobe)

Q

primary TB

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A

Ghon(calcified complex) lower lobe +hilar lymph nodes, asymptomatic

secondary TB

apex+symptoms

cytokine inducing fibrosis

tgf-beta

coal pneumoconiosis association

rheumatoid arthritis

plexiform lesions

long term pulmonary HTN

ARDS pathology

hyaline membrane, leaked protein

surfactant neonatal screening

Lecithin/sphingomyelin >2

lung cancer Tx

small cell=chemo, non=surgery

small cell cancer association

ADH, ACTH, Lambert Eaton

squamous cell cancer association

PTHrP

carcinoid test

chromogranin+(neuroendocrine)

reid index >50%

bronchitis(excess mucous glands)

A1AT allele

piZ=dysfunctional

A1AT breathing

pursed lips(pink puffer)

asthma associated cytokines

TH2- IL4(IgE),5(eosinophils),10(inhibit TH1)

kartageners defect

dynein arm of cilia

asthma challenge test

methacholine(muscarinic agonist)

1st line for chronic asthma

corticosteroids(inactivate NF-kB, decrease TNFa)

acute asthma Tx

albuterol(beta2agonisy)

COPD Tx

tiotropium(muscarinic antagonist)

aspirin induced asthma Tx

antileukotrienes(montelukast, zafirlukast)