Respiratory Infections

Question 1

Bird handlers are at risk for what Chlamydia disease?

Answer 1

Psittacosis

Question 2

What bacteria causes Psittacosis?

Answer 2

Chlamydia psittaci

Question 3

Give the most common cause of community-acquired typical pneumonia for children and adults

Answer 3

Children=Klebsiella pneumoniae

Adults=Streptococcal pneumoniae

Question 4

What is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia?

Answer 4

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 5

How is Hantavirus transmitted?

Answer 5

Inhalation of rat feces and/or urine

Question 6

List two common treatments for strep throat/laryngitis/bronchitis. These affect the cell wall of the gram positive bacteria.

Answer 6

Penicillin

Amoxicillin

Question 7

Less than __% of patients diagnosed with strep throat actually have it…

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

All of the following are caused by Group __ streptococcus: strep throat, scarlet fever, impetigo, toxic shock syndrome, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 8

A

Question 9

The bacteria responsible for causing streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)?

Answer 9

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 10

This bacterial disease is associated with sore throat, fever, a thick pseudomembrane in the back of the URT, and a characteristic “barking” cough.

Answer 10

Diphtheria

Question 11

The pathogen for Diphtheria?

Answer 11

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 12

MC pathogen of sinusitis and otitis media?

Answer 12

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 13

Other than streptococcus pneumoniae, what other bacteria often causes sinusitis and otitis media?

Answer 13

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 14

List the MCC of common colds

Answer 14

Rhinoviruses

Question 15

Enteroviruses infecting the nose are called?

Answer 15

Rhinoviruses

Question 16

The most common type of pneumonia?

Answer 16

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 17

A common thing done to diagnose pneumonia?

Answer 17

Chest X-Ray

Question 18

Called “walking pneumonia” because of it’s more mild symptoms

Answer 18

Atypical pneumonia

Question 19

Legionnaires’ disease is also called?

Answer 19

Legionella pneumonia

Question 20

The unique thing about these bacteria that cause Legionnaires’ disease are that they are the only type to grow on a buffered charcoal yeast extract agar (fluorescent)

Answer 20

Legionella pneumophila

Question 21

Pathogen for tuberculosis?

Answer 21

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 22

Tuberculosis has 3 types. List them:

Answer 22

Primary
Secondary
Disseminated

Question 23

This type of TB involves the formation of small hard nodules (tubercles), and can remain dormant for years

Answer 23

Primary

Question 24

A ruptured tubercle reestablishes active infection. This type of TB occurs in a previously infected patient

Answer 24

Secondary

Question 25

In this type of TB macrophages carry bacterium via lymph nodes and blood to a variety of sites throughout the body (meaning the bacteria can survive and grow in these macrophages).

Answer 25

Disseminated TB

Question 26

Tuberculosis is diagnosed by a tuberculin skin test called ___ for short

Answer 26

PPD

Question 27

In a PPD test for TB, if the area of induration (skin reaction) is __mm in immunocompromised patients, they are positive for TB. __mm in infants, elderly, homeless, recent immigrants, alcoholics, health care workers, and prisoners is considered positive (they are high risk), while __mm in the population not belonging to the other two groups is considered positive.

Answer 27

5, 10, 15

Question 28

What age group is most seriously affected by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

Answer 28

Children <2

Question 29

The infectious agent of Pertussis (whooping cough)

Answer 29

Bordetella pertussis

Question 30

Pathogen for anthrax?

Answer 30

Bacillus anthracis

Question 31

This disease most commonly affects animal handlers. It is characterized by localized itching followed by a raised lesion that forms a painless black eschar within 7-10 days

Answer 31

Anthrax

Question 32

The pathogen contains glycoproteins spikes. Mutations in genes coding for these spikes are responsible for the production of new strains of the virus.

Answer 32

Influenza

Question 33

Aspirin must be avoided when a person is infected with influenza virus due to the possible complication of becoming ___ syndrome

Answer 33

Reye’s

Question 34

SARS stands for?

Answer 34

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Question 35

The pathogen for SARS?

Answer 35

A Coronavirus

Question 36

The most common pediatric respiratory disease?

Answer 36

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Question 37

__% of Bronchiolitis cases in children are caused by RSV

Answer 37

75%

Question 38

This respiratory disease is characterized by EXPIRATORY wheezing (prolonged expirations). Usually in a child <2 years old

Answer 38

RSV

Question 39

Mycotic diseases are ____ infections

Answer 39

Fungal

Question 40

“Valley fever” is common in the southwest US and Mexico. This lower tract disease is called?

Answer 40

Coccidioidomycosis

Question 41

This is common in the southern central US (Mississippi valley). Flu-like sx. Fungus spreads causing painless lesions in the face and body.

Answer 41

Blastomycosis (Blastomycosis dermatitidis)

Question 42

This is the most common fungal systemic disease. It is common in the eastern US/Ohio river valley. Sever coughing with blood-tinged sputum and skin lesions.

Answer 42

Histoplasmosis

Question 43

Pathogen for histoplasmosis?

Answer 43

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 44

Where is Histoplasma capsulatum found?

Answer 44

Bird and bat fecal material