respiratory system Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the main functions of the respiratory system?
Brings oxygen in (O2) and eliminates carbon dioxide (CO2)
Other functions include olfactory sense and vocal cords.
What is included in the gas exchange?
Includes ventilation, exchange of gases between air in the lungs and blood, transport of O2 and CO2 in blood, and exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues.
List the main organs of the upper respiratory tract.
- Nasal cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Epiglottis
List the main organs of the lower respiratory tract.
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Diaphragm
What is the function of the larynx?
Contains the vocal cords which vibrate to produce sound when speaking.
Describe the process of air movement in the bronchi and bronchioles.
Air moves into the trachea and out of the bronchi, which branch into several small bronchioles.
What happens to the diaphragm when breathing in?
The diaphragm contracts and moves down to allow space for the lungs.
What is sinusitis?
Inflammation of the sinuses.
What are the causes and symptoms of sinusitis?
Causes: infections, allergies, deviated septum.
Symptoms: facial pain/pressure, congestion.
What is laryngitis?
Inflammation of the larynx.
What are the causes and symptoms of laryngitis?
Causes: infections, overuse of voice, allergic inflammation. Symptoms: hoarseness, weak voice.
What is asthma?
Narrowing and inflammation of the bronchioles.
What are the causes and symptoms of asthma?
Causes: genetics, allergies, respiratory infections. Symptoms: wheezing and chest pains.
What is emphysema?
Damage to the wall of alveoli.
What are the causes and symptoms of emphysema?
Causes: smoking and vaping. Symptoms: shortness of breath, coughing.
What is lung cancer?
Uncontrolled growth of abnormal lung cells.
What are the causes and symptoms of lung cancer?
Causes: smoking, vaping, exposure to pollutants. Symptoms: difficulty breathing, fatigue, coughing blood.
True or False: Vapes and cigarettes contain carcinogens.
True
What are the types of harmful substances found in vapes and cigarettes?
- Carcinogens
- Teratogens
- Mutagens
What is EVALI?
E-cigarette or Vaping use associated Lung Injury.
What are the signs and symptoms of EVALI?
- Shortness of breath
- Cough
- Chest pain
- Rapid and slow breathing
What happens to the lungs due to smoking and vaping?
Reduces the lung’s ability to bring air into the body and carbon dioxide out.
