Flashcards in Respiratory System At Rest Deck (39)
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1
Define pulmonary ventilation
Pulmonary ventilation is the process of breathing in and out
2
Define the two areas of gaseous exchange
1. External respiration happens at the lungs
2. Internal respiration happens at the muscles
3
Describe the two pathways oxygen gets carried through the blood
1. Combines with haemoglobin to form oxohaemoglobin which transports 97% oxygen
2. Oxygen dissolves in blood plasma which transports 3% of it
4
Describe the three ways at which C02 is transported through the body
1. Combines with haemoglobin to form carbaminohaemoglobin which transports 23%
2. Gets dissolved in blood plasma which transports 7%
3. Dissolves in water as carbonic acid and transports 70%
5
What percentage of 02 is transported as oxohaemoglobin
97%
6
What percentage of O2 is dissolved in blood plasma to be transported
3%
7
What percentage of CO2 is transported as carbaminohaemoglobin
23%
8
What percentage of CO2 dissolves in blood plasma to be transported
7%
9
What percentage of CO2 dissolves in water as carbonic acid to be transported
70%
10
What are the 6 steps in the passage of air to the lungs
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli
11
During inspiration, the diaphragm and external intercostals...
Contracts
12
During inspiration, the rib cage moves...
Up and out
13
During inspiration, the volume of the theocratic cavity...
Increases
14
During inspiration, the pressure inside the lungs...
Decreases
15
During inspiration, the air rushes...
Into the lungs
16
During expiration, the diaphragm and external intercostals...
Relax
17
During expiration, the rib cage moves...
Down and in
18
During expiration, the volume of the thoracic cavity...
Decreases
19
During expiration, the pressure inside the lungs...
Increases
20
During expiration, the air rushes...
Outside the lungs
21
What is inspiration said to be
Active
22
What is expiration said to be
Passive
23
Define gaseous exchange
Gaseous exchange is the movement of O2 and CO2 at the muscles and lungs by the process of diffusion
24
Define diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of gas from an area of high partial pressure to an area of low partial pressure down a concentration gradient
25
Define what a concentration gradient is
A concentration gradient is the difference between an area of high partial pressure and an area of low partial pressure
26
Define partial pressure (PP)
PP is the pressure a gas exerts within a mixture of gases
27
During external respiration, what do the gases diffuse between
The blood and the alveoli
28
During internal respiration, what do the gases diffuse between
The blood and he muscles
29
Define breathing frequency (f)
Breathing frequency is the total number of breaths per minute
30
