restrictive lung disease Flashcards
what is the definition of restriction?
Forced vital capacity <80% of the predicted normal
what are conditions causing restrictive lung disease?
“Interstitial” lung diseases
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Sarcoidosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
what does pleural cause?
Pleural effusions
Pneumothorax
Pleural thickening
what does skeletal cause?
Kyphoscoliosis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Thoracoplasty
Rib fractures
what are the muscle diseases?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
where is the interstitium?
between the epithelium and endothelium of alveolus and capillaries
a disease causing thickening of the interstitium can reslut in…
pulmonary fibrosis
What are ILDs?
> 200 diseases causing thickening of the interstitium and can result in pulmonary fibrosis
What is sarcoidosis?
Multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause
Histological hallmark - non-caseating granuloma
who gets sarcoidosis?
adults under 40
women over men
how do you investigate sarcoidosis?
History and exam
CXR
Pulmonary function tests
Bloods / urinalysis / ECG / TB skin test / eye exam
how should sarcoidosis be treated if it is mild, no vital organ involvement, normal lung function
no treatment
how should sarcoidosis be treated if they have Erythema nodosum / arthralgia
NSAIDs
how should sarcoidosis be treated if they have Skin lesions / anterior uveitis / cough
Topical steroids
how should sarcoidosis be treated if they have Cardiac, neurological, eye disease not responding to topical Rx, hypercalcaemia
Systemic steroids
