Review: All

Question 1

T/F: Digital right and left markers should be used to indicate the anatomical side imaged.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

T/F: Overexposure will reduce the contrast resolution of the image.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What component of the CR reader converts light to an electronic signal?

Answer 3

Photodetector

Question 4

What is the role of the CCD in indirect DR?

Answer 4

Converts light to electrons

Question 5

What part to the flat-panel DR converts x-rays to light?

Answer 5

Scintillator

Question 6

T/F: Digital imaging systems have a wide dynamic range.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

DICOM serves what purpose in PACS?

Answer 7

Allows different systems to communicate

Question 8

T/F: With digital systems, a higher kVp can be used than with film/screen.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the primary difference of direct DR over indirect DR?

Answer 9

lacks the conversion of x-rays to light

Question 10

Once the image is acquired, what is the role of PACS?

1. Display
2. Storage
3. Dose reduction

Answer 10

1 and 2

Question 11

Which part of the CR reader detects light released from the PSP plate?

Answer 11

photodetector

Question 12

The DR image capture method that uses an amorphous silicon photodetector and TFT represents which of the following?

Answer 12

Indirect

Question 13

Delivery of hot air to the surface of the film is the function of which system?

Answer 13

Drying system

Question 14

What part of the CR reader digitizes the signal?

Answer 14

ADC

Question 15

T/F: Histogram analysis is the basis for determining exposure index.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T/F: DR image receptors do not use histograms.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true concerning computed radiography (CR) systems?
A. Use storage phosphors to temporarily store energy representing the image signal
B. Require that the storage phosphor undergoes a process to extract the latent image
C. Have detectors that directly capture and read out an electronic image signal

Answer 17

A and B

Question 18

The type of phosphor found in the PSP plate for computed radiography is:

Answer 18

Barium fluorohalide

Question 19

The part of a PSP plate that gives some rigidity to the plate is the:

Answer 19

Support layer

Question 20

Part of a PSP plate that includes a random distribution of crystals is the:

Answer 20

Turbid phosphor layer

Question 21

T/F: The barcode label is used by the reader to identify the PSP plate.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

When the PSP plate is exposed to the laser of the reader, the energy is released and converted to a digital signal, becoming a:

Answer 22

Manifest image

Question 23

Europium is the ____________ of the photostimulable phosphor.

Answer 23

Activator

Question 24

The part of the reader that senses the light released from the PSP plate is the:

Answer 24

Photodetector

Question 25

Part of a DR system with indirect capture, the light-sensitive device that is commonly found in digital cameras is the:

Answer 25

Charge-couple device

Question 26

The scintillator for the indirect capture DR system that utilizes a CCD is:

Answer 26

cesium iodide

Question 27

Put the following sequence of events for indirect capture systems in order: 1.Electronic signal is sent to the computer work station for processing and display 2.The light energy is then transmitted to the CCD 3.The CCD converts the energy to an electronic signal 4. X-rays are absorbed by the scintillator and converted to light

Answer 27

4, 2, 3, 1

Question 28

Which of the following describes the extra step, and is therefore a limitation of indirect-capture methods?

Answer 28

x-rays are converted to light and then to electrons

Question 29

Part of the direct capture DR system, the _______ absorbs x-rays and produces an electronic signal.

Answer 29

Photoconductor

Question 30

Histogram analysis compares the histogram with pre-established histograms specific to

Answer 30

the anatomic part being imaged

Question 31

T/F: The DAP is used for DR digital systems and is a measure of the dose to the patient.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

T/F: After the digital data leaves the ADC, the process of digital image formation is very different for the three types of DR systems.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Digital imaging quality control focuses on: A. the display monitors B. the viewing environment C. the radiologist's comfort

Answer 33

A and B

Question 34

_____ is the standard format for digital medical images

Answer 34

DICOM

Question 35

PACS stands for

Answer 35

Picture Archiving and Communication System

Question 36

Intensifying screens are used to: A.reduce patient exposure B.convert light photons to x-ray photons C. convert x-ray photons to light photons

Answer 36

A and C

Question 37

The most important layer for creating the image; the layer of film that is sensitive to light or radiation is the

Answer 37

emulsion

Question 38

the ability of phosphors to emit visible light only while exposed to x-rays

Answer 38

Fluorescence

Question 39

Order for automatic film processing.

Answer 39

Developing Fixing Washing Drying

Question 40

SI equivalent for RAD

Answer 40

Gray

Question 41

Grid conversion factor for 8:1 ratio grid

Answer 41

4

Question 42

SI equivalent for REM

Answer 42

Seivert

Question 43

ALARA stands for:

Answer 43

As low as reasonably achievable

Question 44

The probability of Compton scatter is related to:

Answer 44

the energy of the photon

Question 45

The number of lead lines per unit length

Answer 45

grid frequency

Question 46

These grids allow more transmitted photons to reach the IR

Answer 46

focused grids

Question 47

When using the air-gap technique, the ___ must also be increased

Answer 47

SID

Question 48

This increases brightness on fluoroscopy

Answer 48

image intensifier

Question 49

When using mag mode, voltage to the focusing lenses is:

Answer 49

increased

Question 50

AEC (automatic exposure control) determines exposure by controlling the:

Answer 50

length of exposure

Question 51

Backup time for AEC exposure should be set to:

Answer 51

150 - 200% of expected exposure time

Question 52

These devices measure part thickness

Answer 52

Calipers

Question 53

The two detector types with digital systems

Answer 53

CR and DR

Question 54

A histogram is:

Answer 54

a graph of all data points

Question 55

With digital systems, this is important to monitor to avoid dose creep

Answer 55

exposure index number

Question 56

The pixel bit depth determines the image ____

Answer 56

contrast resolution

Question 57

The numerical value indicating the level of radiation exposure to the digital IR is the:

Answer 57

Exposure indicator

Question 58

If the AEC detector is directly exposed to the primary beam during exposure, the IR exposure will be:

Answer 58

insufficient

Question 59

A technique chart should be established for:

Answer 59

each radiographic tube