Revise Localization

Question 1

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
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“وهو علي كل شئ قدير “
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UMNL sites + Effects

Answer 1

Sites : in pyramidal tract :-
Corticobulbar part for cranial nerves
Corticospinal part of Spinal nerves
Effects :
Release of Reflex Arc
Hypertonia + Hyperflexia
Loss of superficial reflexes + + Babinski
no atrophy as LMN is intact releasing Neurotropihc factors

Question 2

LMNL site +effect

Answer 2

Cranial nerves +Spinal nerves
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Loss of all reflexes Arc
Hyptonia = atonia
Hyporeflexia = areflexia
Atrophy!
Fasicaulations as in poliomyelitis

Question 3

? Area 4 damage cause

Answer 3

Contralateral Monoplegia
Contralateral Sensory loss
Cortical defecits as Aphasia in dominant hemisphere

Question 4

Contra lateral Hemiplegia uniform
Contralateral Lower face weakness
Contralalteral muscle weakenss
occurs in ?

Answer 4

Internal capsule lesion

Question 4

Brainstem lesion causes ?

Answer 4

Crossed Hemiplegia:
LMNL ipsilateral + UMNL Facial + CN12 contralaterally .
Hemiparesis

Question 5

Spinal cord damage cause?

Answer 5

At level of lesion :
Segmental loss of senssations + LMNL
Below level of lesion :
1-Hemisection :- Hemiparesis : UMNL
+ dissociated sensory loss loss of Deep ipsilateral + contralateral superficial sensations
2-Complete Transection of Spinal cord:-
UMNL + Loss of all sensations bilaterally
if above c5 tetraplagia if below c5 Paraplegia
=Sphincter affection

Question 6

Dissociated sensory loss in + means?

Answer 6

IN Hemisection of spinal cord below level of lesion
= Ipsilateral loss of deep sensation + Contralateral loss of Superficial sensation

Question 7

Descending march weakenss with diuranl variation

Answer 7

Myasthenia gravis
NMJ disease

Question 8

Bilateral symmetrical weakness proximal > distal
with + Grown sign and hyporeflexia ?

Answer 8

Duchenne musclar dystrophy

Question 9

Diabetic patiets with Bilateral symmetrical wakeness distal > proximal
with glove stocking snesations and incoordinated deep sensations+
Autonomic disturbances as shpincters

Answer 9

Pheripheral nerve lesion

Question 10

1-Bilateral symmetrical weakness (ascending march) from L.L to U.L .
2-Bilateral dermatomal sensory loss
3-Meningism
4-Not autonomic affection

Answer 10

Gullain Barre Syndrome
Root radicular

Question 11

Pyramidal tract lesions pure ?

Answer 11

Purely motor
Flexed U.L
Extended L.L
Intact Superficial Reflexes

Question 12

Analyse complaints >

Answer 12

Onset dramatic = vascualr ‘ Sudden ‘ rapid ‘ chronic
COurse Progrssive regressive stationtary
Duration

Question 13

Where ?
Focal mutlifocal
systemic
Dessiminated

Answer 13

Focal- Multifocal = inflammatory - vascular - traumatic
Systemic : gene
Dessiminated : Multiple sclerosis

Question 14

والآن أراه حلمي ساطعا
أراه بين يدي فرحا آملا !
الحمدلله رب العالمين