Risk Factors Of CVD

Question 0

Why does stress increase the risk of CVD?

Answer 0

Stress causes high blood pressure which causes damage to the artery wall…leading to atherosclerosis.

Question 1

Controllable factors include…(6)

Answer 1

• smoking
• diet high in cholesterol
• obesity
• stress
• lack of exercise
• high salt intake

Question 2

Why does a high salt intake increase the risk of CVD?

Answer 2

Water molecules move from a concentration of high concentration to low concentration through osmosis which means more water in the blood stream causing higher blood pressure. This causes damage to the artery wall…causing atherosclerosis.

Question 3

Uncontrollable risk factors include…

Answer 3

• age
• gender
• genetic predisposition

Question 4

Why do 50+ women have a higher risk of developing CVD?

Answer 4

Women have the hormone oestrogen. This acts as a natural barrier against heart disease. However after 50+ women reach menopause where oestrogen levels reduce which increases the risk of CVD.

Question 5

How do you work out the probability of developing a disease?

Answer 5

Population divided by the number of incidence of diseases.

Question 6

How do you work out the probability of deaths?

Answer 6

Number of total deaths that particular year divided by the number of deaths from that disease.

Question 7

Typical reasons for underestimates of number of deaths from particular diseases. (5)

Answer 7

Risk is...
-natural
-familiar 
-common 
-taken voluntarily 
The consequences of taking the risk is in the long term.

Question 8

Typical reasons for overestimates of number of deaths from particular diseases. (5)

Answer 8

Risk is...
-unnatural 
-unfamiliar 
-uncommon 
-taken involuntarily 
The consequences of taking the risk is sudden.