Flashcards in Rivers, Floods and Management - Bangladesh Case Study Deck (55)
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1
Location
South-Central Asia
2
Frequency of major floods
Every 8 years
3
3 major rivers
Meghna
Brahmaputra
Ganges
4
Capital of Bangladesh
Dhaka
5
Population of Bangladesh's capital
Dhaka 1 million
6
How much rainfall fell in Bangladesh and when? This was the worst rain for how many years?
350mm in 24 hours
13th September 2004.
Worst rain for 50 years.
7
How much of Bangladesh is how far above sea level? Why?
20% less than 1 metre above sea level.
Because it is built on a floodplain on delta land.
8
Summary: 5 physical causes of Bangladesh flood
- Heavy rainfall
- Monsoon climate
- Low lying
- Himalayas
- 3 major rivers
9
What system was put in place for farming? Which river? Effects?
Irrigation system to divert the Ganges.
Reduced speed of flow in channels = more deposition inland, less on low lying delta = didn't build up
10
Name 2 places where urban growth occurred
Nepal and Tibet
11
Summary: 4 human causes of flood
- Irrigation diverted Ganges
- Urbanisation
- Deforestation of Himalayas
- Global warming
12
Deaths
800
13
How much of the country was flooded?
38%
14
How much of Dhaka was under water and in which month?
40% under water in July
15
How many bridges destroyed?
900
16
How much road damaged?
15,000 km
17
How much farmland destroyed?
800,000 ha
18
How many people suffered from diarrhoea in Dhaka?
100,000
19
Cost of total damage?
$7 billion
20
2 other long term impacts
Rice crops devastated = food shortages
Jute and sugar cash crops rotted = money shortages
21
How much aid did the UK give?
£21 million
22
How much aid did the UN appeal for? How much did they actually get?
Appealed for $74 million.
Only got 20% by September
23
What charity gave Bangladesh short term aid?
Water aid - water purification tablets
24
2 other short term responses
- NGOs: rice, clothing, medicine, blankets
- Farmers given free seed
25
9 long term responses
- Flood action plan formed
- Early warning system
- sluice gates
- 2 ha of raised land for flood shelter
- Coastal homes on stilts
- homes raised by 2m on earth banks
- Embankments strengthened
- Self help schemes: rebuilt homes & communities
- Additional financial aid granted
26
By how much were homes raised on earth banks?
2m
27
How much raised land was created for flood shelter?
2 ha
28
Date
2004
July---> September
29
What economic factor limits Bangladesh's ability to manage floods?
GDP per capita = $700 and tax revenue limited = rely on foreign aid and NGOs
30
