rock and minerals Flashcards
(18 cards)
a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a defined chemical
Mineral
a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter
rock
a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
element
a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
compound
a solid outermost atoms, ions, r molecules are arranged in a definite pattern
crystal
the property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way the object reflects or emits light.
color
the way in which a mineral reflects light
luster
the color of the powder of a mineral
streak
the splitting of mineral along smooth, flat surface
cleavage
the manner in which a mineral breaks along with either curved or irregular surfaces
fracture
the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
density
a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted.
ore
Non-metallic minerals can be described as the minerals that do not comprise of metals. Some examples of non-metallic minerals are limestone, manganese, mica, gypsum, coal, dolomite, phosphate, salt, granite.
Non-metallic minerals
The nonmetallic minerals are composed of quartz, feldspar, mica, garnet, potash, sulfur, and salt.
Metallic minerals
a precious or semiprecious stone, especially one cut, polished, and used in a piece of jewelry.
Gemstones
Igneous rock, or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet’s mantle or crust
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of small particles and subsequent cementation of mineral or organic particles on the floor of oceans or other bodies of water at the Earth’s surface.
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock is a type of rock that has been changed by extreme heat and pressure. … A sedimentary rock which has been near such forces often looks as if a giant had twisted it and heated it over a fire. Examples of metamorphic rock: Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone
Metamorphic rock
