Rocks and their formation Flashcards
(21 cards)
What make up the earths crust?
Rocks
What are the three categories of rocks called?
Sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous
How are igneous rocks formed?
When magma or lava solidifies?
What is liquid rock beneath the earths surface called?
Magma
What is liquid rock called when it is on the earths surface?
Lava
Why are igneous rocks hard to break?
They are made up of inter locking crystals.
Why are igneous rocks resistant to erosion?
They are made up of interlocking crystals.
What are igneous rocks made up of?
Interlocking crystals
Are the crystals in an igneous rock big or small if the magma/lava solidifies quickly?
Small
Are the crystals in an igneous rock big or small if the magma/lava solidifies slowly?
Big
Do igneous rocks erode easily?
No
Do igneous rocks break easily?
No
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sedimentary rocks are formed when layers of sediment are compacted over a very long time by being buried under more layers.
Which type of rock erodes most easily : sedimentary, metamorphic or igneous?
Sedimentary
What shape are the grains that sedimentary rocks are made of ?
Round
What rock would you find fossils in ?
Sedimentary
Give an example of an igneous rock with small crystals
basalt
Give an example of an igneous rock with big crystals
granite
give 2 examples of sedimentary rocks
Chalk and marble
Explain how metamorphic rocks are from and give an example of a metamorphic rock.
Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks by the action of heat (from being buried or from near by magma) and/or pressure (from being buried), which causes new interlocking crystals to grow. Marble is a metamorphic rock which is formed from chalk or limestone.
Name 3 natural forms of calcium carbonate
chalk, limestone, marble
