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(3) PT in Special Conditions > S3L3: Classification of Pain > Flashcards

S3L3: Classification of Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Three dimensions

Refers to localization, intensity, duration, & the nature of
the pain (burning, sharp, shooting, superficial, etc.)

A

Sensory-discriminative

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2
Q

Three dimensions

Refers to the emotional response a person has to the pain

A

Motivation-affective

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3
Q

Three dimensions

Includes physiological manifestations of that emotional
response, including nausea

A

Motivation-affective

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4
Q

Three dimensions

Relates to how pain is interpreted in the context of past &
present experience, culture, & so forth

A

Cognitive-affective

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5
Q

Physiological Classification

Refers to response to an immediate noxious stimulus signaling
impending tissue damage

A

Nociceptive

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6
Q

Modified T/F

A. Nociceptive pain can be due to mechanical, thermal, or chemical insult to the area
B. It leads to protective withdrawal response & is beneficia

A

TT

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7
Q

Physiological classification

This type of pain ncreases sensory sensitivity after tissue damage thus discouraging use & further damage

A

Inflammatory pain

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8
Q

Modified T/F

A. Inflammatory pain allows for tissue repair
B. It is due to hypersensitivity due to peripheral injury, pathology, or other inflammatory process

A

TT

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9
Q

T/F

Inflammatory pain is generally beneficial as it encourages rest, but becomes counterproductive if severe or ongoing.

A

True

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10
Q

Physiological classification

This type of pain results from an abnormally functioning nervous system relaying pain signals unrelated or disproportionate to
tissue damage

A

Maladaptive pain

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11
Q

Modified T/F

A. Maldaptive pain represents altered neural processing
B. Decreased physical activity resulting from maladaptive
pain contribute to healing an recovery

A

TF

Decreased physical activity resulting from maladaptive pain does not contribute to healing & may exacerbate pain & lead to secondary problems

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12
Q

Which of the following conditions is NOT typically considered an example of maladaptive pain?

A) Tension headache
B) TMJ disorder
C) Fibromyalgia
D) Migraine headache

A

D) Migraine headache

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13
Q

Which condition is commonly regarded as an example of maladaptive pain?

A) Tension headache
B) TMJ disorder
C) Fibromyalgia
D) Inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS)
E) A & D only
F) All of the above

A

F) All of the above

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14
Q

T/F

Characteristics of muscle pain include dull, deep, aching, cramping, & localized

A

F

Difficult to localize

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15
Q

Modified T/F

A.Muscle trigger points can refer pain to other sites
b. It can cause other Sx such as tinnitus, paresthesias, & blurry
vision

A

TT

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16
Q

Modified T/F

A. Trigger points may be idiopathic or associated with OA, RA, FM, TMJD, or chronic tension headaches
B. Widespread myofascial pain syndrome appears to
involve peripheral sensitization & central nociception

A

TF

Widespread myofascial pain syndrome appears to
involve** central sensitization & peripheral nociception**

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17
Q

Fast vs. Slow Pain

Nerves: A-delta
(myelinated)

A

Fast

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18
Q

Fast vs Slow pain

Nerves: C (unmyelinated)

A

Slow

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19
Q

Fast vs Slow pain

Stimulus: Pinprick, heat

A

Fast

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20
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Stimulus: Tissue damage

A

Slow

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21
Q

Fast vs Slow pain

Sensation: Sharp, pricking,
burning,
dermatomal

A

Fast

22
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Sensation: Slow, dull, crawling,
sclerotomal

A

Slow

23
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Diameter: 1-4 micrometer

A

Fast

24
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Diameter: 0.1-1 micrometer

A

Slow

25
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Conduction Velocity: 5-30 m/sec

A

Fast

26
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Conduction velocity: 0.4-1.4 m/sec

A

Slow

27
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Distribution: Body surface

A

Fast

28
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Distribution: All tissue except
CNS

A

Slow

29
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Reflex response: withdrawal

A

Fast

30
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Reflex response: withdrawal: Muscle spasm, increased tone or muscle guarding

A

Slow

31
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Biological Value: Avoidance of tissue
damage because
we withdraw the
area

A

Fast

32
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Biological Value: Enforced rest

A

Slow

33
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Effect Of Morphine: Very little

A

Fast

34
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Effect Of Morphine: Supresses

A

Slow

Morphine is usually given to those patient who suffer from chronic pain because it affectsmthe C fibers

35
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

CNS Target: Thalamus, cortex

A

Fast

36
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

CNS Target: Limbic,
hypothalamic

A

Slow

37
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Affective Response: No

A

Fast

38
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Affective Response: Yes

A

Slow

39
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Automatic signs: No

A

Fast

40
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Automatic signs: Yes

A

Slow

41
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Localized
Receptive Field: Yes

A

Fast

42
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Localized
Receptive Field: No

A

Slow

43
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Dorsal Horn
Connection: Laminae I & V

A

Fast

45
Q

Fast vs. Slow pain

Dorsal Horn
Connection: Laminae II & III

A

Slow

46
Q

Modified T/F

A. Peripheral Neurogenic Pain refers to mechanical or chemical change to the peripheral nerves
B. Vasomotor, sudomotor & trophic changes can occur

A

TT

Vasomotor, sudomotor & trophic changes can occur specifically in CAUSALGIA

47
Q

T/F:

Usual symptoms of peripheral neurogenic pain are hypoesthesia, anesthesia, weakness, paresthesia, dysesthesia, & pain

A

True

48
Q

Nerves can be a source of pain d/t []
(sensory innervation of nerve) & []
(sensitive to movement or stretch)

A

Nerves can be a source of pain d/t nervi nervorum
(sensory innervation of nerve) & neural connective tissue
(sensitive to movement or stretch)

49
Q

T/F

Peripheral neurogenic pain can extend beyond the initial nerve injury through processes of peripheral sensitization & glial cells releasing growth factors & other substances acting on the immune system

A

True

50
Q

True or False: Causalgia, characterized by severe aching pain in a limb resulting from a peripheral nerve injury, is rare, and severe cases can be referred to as Major Causalgia.

A

False

Causalgia, characterized by** severe burning pain in a limb**

51
Q

Modified T/F

A. Central neurogenic pain refers to the injury of CNS such as stroke, TBI, MS or FM
B. Pain is burning, aching, lancing, pricking, or pressing

A

TT

52
Q

Modified T/F

A. Hyperalgesia & allodynia should not coincide in central neurogenic pain
B. Central neurogenic pain involves descending facilitation

A

FT

Hyperalgesia & allodynia may coincide

53
Q

Modified T/F

A. In central neurogenic pain, glia and astrocytes play a role in altering synaptic connections forming between General Somatic Afferents (GSA) and pain fibers.
B. Central neurogenic pain, often associated with conditions like fibromyalgia (FM), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and burnout, involves dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis.

A

TT

(3) PT in Special Conditions (40 decks)

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