Sakharov

Question 1

Legacy

Answer 1

Sakharov Prize
Death galvanised the pro-democracy movement

eg inspired Boris Nemstov

Question 2

How did the Soviet state contain Sakharov?

Answer 2

Exiled to Gorkii under KGB surveillance

Question 3

Dissent from within?

Answer 3

Soviet elite- physicist on hydrogen bomb

Question 4

Sakharov beliefs

Answer 4

Convergence between socialism and capitalism, advocating for intellectual freedom, human rights, and the prevention of nuclear war through mutual openness

Question 5

Transformative nature of dissent

Answer 5

State physicist to dissident

Question 6

Influence on Gorbachev era

Answer 6

Shaped reforms of the late Soviet era (glasnost and perestroika)

eg decentralisation, human rights, and environmental consciousness

Question 7

Example of something Sakharov criticised after he returned to Moscow in 1986

Answer 7

Military aggression eg Soviet intervention in Afghanistan

Question 8

Legitimising democratic opposition and drafting constitutional reforms

Answer 8

Role in the Congress of People’s Deputies

Question 9

Sakharov’s work

Answer 9

Progress, Coexistence and Intellectual Freedom