Schermerhorn Chapter 2- Learning Management (Past and Present) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Schermerhorn Chapter 2- Learning Management (Past and Present) Deck (14)
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1
Q

Name the 3 Classical approaches to management

A

Scientific Management
Administrative principles
Bureaucratic principles

2
Q

What were some of the principles of scientific management?

A
  • Develop rules of motion
  • Standardize work elements
  • Train and select workers carefully
3
Q

What were some of the principles of Administrative management?

A
  • Foresight: Complete work plan for future
  • Organization: provide and mobilize resources to implement plan
  • Command/coordinate/control
  • Scalar Chain: clear/unbroken line of communication from top to bottom
  • Unity of Command: Each person receives orders from 1 boss
  • Unity of direction;one person should be in charge of all activities with the same performance objective
4
Q

What were some of the principles of Bureaucratic management?

A

Principles of logic, order, legitimate authority

Bureaucracy•An ideal, intentionally rational, and very efficient form of organization

5
Q

What are possible disadvantages of bureaucracy?

A

Excessive paperwork or “red tape”•Slowness in handling problems•Rigidity in the face of shifting needs•Resistance to change•Employee apathy

6
Q

Name some of the approaches of Behavioral Management (HR) Approaches

A
Follett: "organizations as communities"
Hawthorne studies
Maslows theories of human needs
McGregors Theory X and Theory Y
Argyris's theory of adult personality
7
Q

What was the conclusion of the Hawthorne studies?

A

Purpose was to investigate economic incentives and physical conditions effect on worker output. No relationship found.

-> Psychological factors were found to influence results
(Productivity up with group atmosphere and participatory supervision)

8
Q

What is Maslows hierarchy of needs?

What are the associated principles?

A

From most fundamental to most fulfilling:

Physiological
Safety
Social
Esteem
Self-Actualization

Deficit principle:
A satisfied need is not a motivator of behaviour

Progression principle:
A need becomes a motivator once the preceding lower level need is satisfied

9
Q

What are McGregors Theories X and Y?

What are their implications?

A

Theory X assumed that workers:

  • dislike work
  • lack ambition
  • are irresponsible
  • resist change
  • prefer to be led

Theory Y assumes workers:

  • are willing to work
  • are capable of self control
  • are imaginative and creative
  • are capable of self direction

Principle: Managers create self-fulfilling prophecies!!
Theory X managers create X workers
Y managers create Y workers

10
Q

What is Argyris’ Theory of the adult personality?

A
  • Classical principles inhibit worker maturation, are inconsistent with adult personality.
  • Managers should increase task responsibility, task variety, use participative decision making
11
Q

What are 5 branches of management science/ Operations Research?

A
  • Mathematical forecasting
  • Inventory modeling
  • Linear programming
  • Queuing theory
  • Network models
12
Q

How can an organization go about knowledge management?

A

Process of using information technology to achieve performance success. Portfolio of intellectual assets include patents, intellectual property rights, trade secrets, and accumulated knowledge of the entire workforce

13
Q

What are three ways an organization should be oriented to succeed?

A
People oriented
Team oriented
Information oriented
Achievement oriented
Learning oriented
14
Q

Name some examples of Evidence-Based Management

A
Employment Security
Selective Hiring
Self-managing Teams
High Pay Based on Merit
Training and Development
Reduced status distinctions
Shared information