Science ch 5 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Science ch 5 Deck (17)
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1
Q

Heredity

A

is the passing of traits from parent to offspring

2
Q

allele

A

different forms a gene may have for a trait

3
Q

genetics

A

the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles

4
Q

dominant

A

Mendel called the tall height form that appeared because it dominated or covered up the short height form

5
Q

recessive

A

the form that seemed to disappear.

6
Q

Punnett square

A

a handy tool used to predict results in Mendelian genetics. Dominant and recessive alleles are represented by letters. A captial letter stands for a dominant allele and a small letter stands for the recessive gene

7
Q

genotype

A

the genetic makeup of an organism

8
Q

homozygous

A

an organism with two alleles for a trait that are exactly the same. This would be written as TT or tt

9
Q

heterozygous

A

an organism that has two different alleles for a trait. The condition would be written as Tt

10
Q

Phenotype

A

The physical trait that shows as a result of a particular genotype

11
Q

incomplete dominance

A

is the production of a phenoytype taht is intermediate to those of the two homozygous parents

12
Q

multiple alleles

A

a trait that is controled by more than two alleles is one considered to be controlled. Ex. human blood type: A, B, and O.

13
Q

polygenic inheritance

A

occurs when a group of gene pairs act together to produce a single trait.

14
Q

sex-linked gene

A

an allele inherited on a sex chromosome. ex. color blind, hemophilia

15
Q

pedigree

A

a tool for tracing the occurrence of a trait in a family

16
Q

genetic engineering

A

scientists are experimienting with biological and chemical methods to change the DNA sequence taht makes up a gene. It is used to help produce large quantities.

17
Q

genome

A

the resulting chromosome map representing all of the human genetic material which is a chart taht shows the location of individual genes on a chromosome.