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Biopsych > Second exam answers > Flashcards

Second exam answers Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following would encourage sleepiness?

a. serotonin
b. GABA
c. Histamine
d. Adenosine
e. Orexin

A

b. GABA

d. Adenosine

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2
Q

Which of the following are increased by an increase in orexin?

a. Serotonin
b. Norepinephrine
c. Histamine
d. Acetylcholine

A

a. Serotonin
b. Norepinephrine
c. Histamine
d. Acetylcholine

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3
Q

Which of the following would be likely to reduce REM sleep?

a. serotonin agonist
b. cholinergic agonist
c. noradrenergic agonist

A

a. serotonin agonist

c. noradrenergic agonist

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4
Q

Appetite would be likely to be reduced by:

a. a D2 receptor antagonist
b. a 5HT2c receptor agonist
c. a GLP-1 agonist
d. a combination of naltrexone and bupropion

A

b. a 5HT2c receptor agonist
c. a GLP-1 agonist
d. a combination of naltrexone and bupropion

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5
Q

_____ is a hormone that promotes the conversion of glycogen to blood glucose

A

Glucagon

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6
Q

A dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) would be likely to

a. decrease symptoms of narcolepsy
b. decrease insomnia
c. decrease likelihood of drug-seeking behaviors
d. increase appetite

A

b. decrease insomnia

c. decrease likelihood of drug-seeking behaviors

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7
Q

A decrease in _______ explains the increase in sleepiness that may follow a big meal

A

orexin

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8
Q

Smoking suppressed appetite because nicotine inhibits __________ (what neurochemical)

A

MCH

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9
Q

Alcohol

a. Is a GABA agonist
b. is a glutamate antagonist
c. releases dopamine in the nucleus accumbens
d. releases endogenous opioids

A

a. Is a GABA agonist
b. is a glutamate antagonist
c. releases dopamine in the nucleus accumbens
d. releases endogenous opioids

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10
Q

Ghrelin is likely to be increased

a. after a meal
b. after a diet
c. after sleep deprivation
d. after gastric bypass

A

b. after a diet

c. after sleep deprivation

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11
Q

Bupropion can help with withdrawal from nicotine because

a. It is a partial nicotinic agonist
b. It is a nicotinic antagonist
c. It is a dopamine agonist

A

c. It is a dopamine agonist

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12
Q

Stroke damage to the insula has been shown to

a. reduce insomnia
b. reduce appetite for carbohydrates
c. facilitate cessation of smoking

A

c. facilitate cessation of smoking

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13
Q

What neurotransmitter accumulates during wakefulness, such that as # of hours awake increases it creates increasing pressure to sleep

A

adenosine

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14
Q

What hormone has a circadian rhythm such that it rises in the evening, and encourages sleep?

A

melatonin

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15
Q

Which of the following would be likely to increase the release of dopamine in the mesolimbic path?

a. marijuana
b. cocaine
c. nicotine
d. food
e. heroin

A

a. marijuana
b. cocaine
c. nicotine
d. food
e. heroin

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16
Q

In someone addicted to heroin,

a. mu receptors have been upregulated
b. withdrawal could be made more comfortable by buprenorphine
c. naltrexone could help to prevent relapse

A

b. withdrawal could be made more comfortable by buprenorphine
c. naltrexone could help to prevent relapse

17
Q

Endocannabinoids

a. are increased during fasting
b. increase orexin
c. increase AGRP

A

a. are increased during fasting

b. increase orexin

18
Q

CART

a. is increased by amphetamine and other stimulants
b. is increased by leptin
c. inhibits MCH and orexin

A

a. is increased by amphetamine and other stimulants
b. is increased by leptin
c. inhibits MCH and orexin

19
Q

Melatonin is released by the ________ gland

A

pineal

20
Q

The biological clock is in the ___________ of the hypothalamus

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus

21
Q

Glucose detectors in the brain are in the _______

A

medulla

22
Q

If a drug downregulates GABA receptors, what would ve a symptom of withdrawal from the drug?

A

insomnia

23
Q

Stimulating Y2 autoreceptors in the arcuate nucleus _______ appetite.

A

decreases

24
Q

A serotonin deficiency in the brain would be likely to ________ appetite for carbohydrates

This is because they facilitate the entry of _________ into the brain

A

increase

tryptophan

25
Q

For someone who has trouble remaining awake which of the following would be helpful?

a. GABA agonist
b. H3 antagonist
c. a DORA
d. a cannabinoids antagonist

A

b. H3 antagonist

26
Q

According to studies by Nader and Czoty and others,

a. Social rank is determined by number of dopamine receptors.
b. Number of dopamine receptors is influenced by social stress, with monkeys higher in status ending up with more dopamine receptors.
c. Monkeys with fewer dopamine receptors are more vulnerable to cocaine use.

A

b. Number of dopamine receptors is influenced by social stress, with monkeys higher in status ending up with more dopamine receptors.
c. Monkeys with fewer dopamine receptors are more vulnerable to cocaine use.

Biopsych (7 decks)

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