Flashcards in Section 1 Number Theory and Computation Deck (10)
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1
What is a digit?
a digit is any one of the symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
2
What are Natural or Counting Numbers? What is the set of Natural Numbers denoted by?
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...
it is denoted by N
3
What are Whole numbers? What is the set of Whole Numbers denoted by? What should be noted about N and W?
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...
it is denoted by W
N is included in W
4
What is a factor? Cain you give an example?
a factor of a whole number will divide into the number exactly without leaving a remainder. The factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3 and 6
5
What is a prime number? Why is 1 not a prime number? What is the smallest prime number? Can you give an example of a prime number?
a prime number is a whole number that has only two different factors -- itself and 1.
1 is not a prime number because it has only one factor.
2 is the smallest prime number.
5 is a prime number because 1 and 5 are its only factors.
6
What is a composite number? Can you give an example of a composite number?
it can be expressed as the product of two factors other than 1 and itself. Any composite number can be expressed as the product of prime numbers.
15 is a composite number as 15 = 3 x 5
7
What is a multiple? What is an example of a multiple?
a multiple of a number is the product of the number and any other whole number
Example -- the multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, ...
8
What is the highest common factor?
the HCF of a set of numbers is the largest number that is a factor of every number in the set
9
What is lowest common factor?
the LCM of a set of numbers is the smallest number that is a multiple of every number in the set
10